Method for Propulsion Technology Impact Evaluation via Thermodynamic Work Potential

Roth, Bryce Alexander; Mavris, Dimitri N.

doi:10.2514/2.3057

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The net thrust, delivered by the engine, is the result of converting internal energy to kinetic energy [2]. While some GE-J85 type engine values, such as energy equations, exhaust values, etc., were obtained from [1,[63][64][65][66][67], others were provided by sample turbojet engine performance software [68,69].…”

Section: Description Of Aircraft Enginesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designation of Environmental Impacts and Damages of Turbojet Engine: A Case Study with GE-J85

Altuntaş

2014

Atmosphere

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Abstract:Between the troposphere and stratosphere layers of the atmosphere is a critical zone for collecting emissions and negative effects on the Earth (ecological, humanity, and resources). Aircrafts are the main causes of the impacts in this layer. In this study, environmental effects (Damages, Specific Fuel Consumption Impact-SFCI and Thrust Environmental Impact-TEI) of different fueled (Jet-A and Liquid Hydrogen-H 2 ) jet engines (a case study with GE-J85) are investigated. This comparison was made between 7000-10,000 m altitude and 0.7-1.0 Mach. The maximum damages were found to be 82. DALY (disability-adjusted life years), and 8100 MJ Surplus for Ecosystem Quality, Human Health and Resources, respectively, at Jet-A fueled aircraft, 1 Mach, and 7000 m altitude. Additionally, the maximum SFCI was calculated as 344.03 mPts/kg at H 2 -fueled, 0.7 Mach, and 10,000 m; the minimum TEI was calculated as 13.78 mPts/N at H 2 -fueled aircraft, 0.7 Mach, and 9000 m. The best environmental (low specific fuel consumption and thrust impacts) flight situations were found in this study at a high altitude and a low Mach number.

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Section: Description Of Aircraft Enginesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designation of Environmental Impacts and Damages of Turbojet Engine: A Case Study with GE-J85

Altuntaş

2014

Atmosphere

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“…We seek to implement the second law of thermodynamics to provide a common metric that enables a comparison of the performance of different subsystems in terms of energy utilization, and to map in detail the location of all irreversible losses. We find a growing consensus in the literature [2,3,4,5,6] that this should lead to the further advances of air vehicle design methodology and to a true system-level optimization.…”

Section: Introduction Problem Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Unified Methodology for Aerospace Systems Integration Based on Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics: Aerodynamics Assessment

Camberos¹,

Nomura²,

Stewart³

et al. 2004

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The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY ACRONYM(S)AFRL DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENTApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTESReport contains color. ABSTRACTWe present a viscous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation over two finite twisted wings configured so as to give a theoretically predicted elliptic and parabolic lift distributions. Local surface integration and farfield methods were used to calculate the induced drag. The objective of this project is to relate work-potential losses (exergy destruction) to the aerodynamics forces in an attempt to validate a new design methodology based on the second law of thermodynamics. Exergy destruction for the entire flow field was determined from the CFD results. CFD results show that the parabolic case produces smaller induced drag and entropy generation rates than the elliptic case. The entropy generation rates for both cases deviated significantly from the expected values, revealing the inaccuracy of entropy generation rate prediction for a turbulent flow. This project, however, set up a basis in terms of analysis methodology, from which the future work will follow. SUBJECT TERMS

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“…Currently there is no systematic method for tracking work potential usage in the design of aircraft sub-systems [4]. Exergy and entropy calculations can identify the loss of work potential within each sub-system and fluid flow process during an aircraft's operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Velocimetry Measurements for Entropy Production in a Rotational Magnetic Stirring Tank and Parallel Channel Flow

Naterer

Adeyinka

2009

Entropy

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An experimental design is presented for an optical method of measuring spatial variations of flow irreversibilities in laminar viscous fluid motion. Pulsed laser measurements of fluid velocity with PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) are post-processed to determine the local flow irreversibilities. The experimental technique yields whole-field measurements of instantaneous entropy production with a non-intrusive, optical method. Unlike point-wise methods that give measured velocities at single points in space, the PIV method is used to measure spatial velocity gradients over the entire problem domain. When combined with local temperatures and thermal irreversibilities, these velocity gradients can be used to find local losses of energy availability and exergy destruction. This article focuses on the frictional portion of entropy production, which leads to irreversible dissipation of mechanical energy to internal energy through friction. Such effects are significant in various technological applications, ranging from power turbines to internal duct flows and turbomachinery. Specific problems of a rotational stirring tank and channel flow are examined in this paper. By tracking the local flow irreversibilities, designers can focus on problem areas of highest entropy production to make local component modifications, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency of the system. Keywords: entropy production; particle image velocimetry

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Method for Propulsion Technology Impact Evaluation via Thermodynamic Work Potential

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Designation of Environmental Impacts and Damages of Turbojet Engine: A Case Study with GE-J85

Designation of Environmental Impacts and Damages of Turbojet Engine: A Case Study with GE-J85

A Unified Methodology for Aerospace Systems Integration Based on Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics: Aerodynamics Assessment

Imaging Velocimetry Measurements for Entropy Production in a Rotational Magnetic Stirring Tank and Parallel Channel Flow

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