Method for determination of flammability limits of gaseous compounds diluted with N2 and CO2 in air

Abstract

The present work studies the flammability limits of combustible-diluent-air mixtures at 25°C and 1 atm pressure. The diluent species, considered in this study, were nitrogen and carbon dioxide. A factor called k FL was obtained from mass and energy conservation, this factor relates the flammability limit of a combustible-air mixture to that of a combustible-diluent-air mixture. The factor k FL varies with diluent concentration. Nevertheless, it was shown that an average value of this factor k () FL av can represent, with good accuracy, the variation of the flammability limits with diluent concentration. An empirical method to determine the flammability limits of combustible-diluent-air mixtures was developed. The method approximates k FL av by means of correlations. For the total set of experimental data, it was found that, for dilution with N 2 and CO 2 respectively: (a) at the LFL the Average of the relative errors (AARE) were 4.02% and 7.01%, the squared correlation coefficients (R 2) were 0.9833 and 0.9660; and (b) at the UFL the AAREs were 3.91% and 5.57%, the R 2 were 0.9920 and 0.9792. At the Fuel Inertization Point (FIP) there is an inert concentration above which the mixture is non-flammable. A method was developed to determine the diluent mole fraction in the combustible-inert mixture at the FIP. The AAREs of 0.82% and 1.95% were obtained for dilution with N 2 and CO 2 , respectively.

Use of Reflection Coefficients and Decision Tree Algorithm for Rapid Classification of Hazardous Chemical Liquids

“…Segmentation information for determining the value of B attribute for the T set is computed using (6).…”

“…Although chemicals play an important role in the daily life of people around the world [5,6], some of the work accidents occur due to the chemicals. The chemical industry produces * Corresponding Author a wide variety of substances necessary for daily use and chemical hazards generally arise from chemical synthesis or production, processing, transportation and misuse.…”

Effect of Carbon Dioxide on the Lower Flammability Limit of Propane in O2/CO2 Atmosphere

“…Feng B et al 7 found the gas disturbances decreased the LFL of the propane−air mixture. Mendiburu et al 8 investigated the changes of the flammability limits of propane and other hydrocarbons diluted by CO 2 in air atmosphere. Results show that the LFL of the gas mixture increased with increasing CO 2 concentration.…”

Consequence assessment of explosions for fuel-air mixtures at hazardous production facilities

“…Modern technologies are impossible without the use of explosive substances. Fuel-air mixtures (FA), fuel and lubricants (fuels and lubricants), flammable liquids (flammable liquids) are used in all areas of society, both in industry and in everyday life [1,2]. One of the main tasks of society is to ensure the safety of the population and territories from emergency situations (ES) of natural and man-made characters [3].…”

“…The relevance of studies of explosions of fuel-air mixtures is due to the significant risk of accidents associated with them and the need to predict the extent of possible dangerous consequences when designing hazardous production facilities and developing additional safety measures [1,6,7,8]. When considering the processes of explosive transformations of fuel assemblies, special attention is paid to possible modes of combustion of an explosive cloud and consideration of factors determining the conditions for the onset of detonation or deflagration with a corresponding speed of flame front propagation [9].…”