Methicillin-susceptible, Doxycycline-resistantStaphylococcus aureus, Côte d’Ivoire

Abstract

We report 2 outbreaks of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive, doxycycline-resistant, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus infections in French soldiers operating in Côte d'Ivoire. In a transssectional survey, nasal carriage of this strain was found in 2.9% of 273 soldiers about to be sent to Côte d'Ivoire and was associated with prior malaria prophylaxis with doxycycline.

New insights into the management of acne: An update from the Global Alliance to Improve Outcomes in Acne Group

“…Level of Evidence: V d Treatment regimens that limit, or even reduce, the incidence of bacterial antibiotic resistance are recommended o Selection pressure can affect other, more pathogenic bacteria in addition to P acnes 53,54 o High rates of resistance have been correlated with high outpatient use of antibiotics 55 d Use of oral antibiotics can lead to resistance in commensal flora at all body sites; topical antibiotics lead to resistance largely confined to skin of treated site 56 o Oral antibiotics are recommended for moderate to moderately severe acne 1 o Topical antibiotics may be used in mild to moderate acne as long as they are combined with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and a topical retinoid 1 o Limit the duration of antibiotic use 1,57 and assess response to antibiotics and continuing need at 6 to 12 weeks o Some countries have regulatory guidance limiting the duration of use of topical antibiotics (alone and in fixeddose combination products) to 11 to 12 weeks d Use BPO concomitantly as a leave-on or as a wash o BPO for 5 to 7 days between antibiotic courses may reduce resistant organisms on the skin; however, BPO does not fully eradicate potential for resistant organisms d Avoid using antibiotics (either oral or topical) as monotherapy either for acute treatment or maintenance therapy d Avoid the simultaneous use of oral and topical antibiotics without BPO, particularly if chemically different J AM ACAD DERMATOL VOLUME 60,NUMBER 5 prescribed for acne on other more pathogenic organisms. To date, neither aspect has been extensively studied; there are some data, as will be discussed below.…”

Virulence properties of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus food isolates encoding Panton–Valentine Leukocidin gene

“…The Oxford Staphylococcus and phage type 80/81 MSSA strains were main pandemic clones, harboring PVL genes, in the 1950s and 1960s (Robinson et al, 2005;Kearns et al, 2006). Recently, in some parts of Europe, PVL-positive MSSA strains have been associated with severe skin infections (Boubaker et al, 2004;Lesens et al, 2007;Wiese-Posselt et al, 2007;Tinelli et al, 2009). …”

Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Positive Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Returning Travelers

“…Subsequent transmission of the infection on returning has been reported. 4,5,12 Intrafamiliar spread and occupational transmission in one case was clinically evident in our study, but not proven microbiologically. Although we only identified 15 returning patients with lesions caused by PVL-producing S. aureus , the true incidence of this condition is presumably much higher as many travelers are certainly treated abroad or at home, and do not necessarily visit the travel clinic.…”

“…2 Previous antibiotic treatment of diarrheal disease or malaria has been hypothesized, 2, 12 also poor hygiene conditions and nasal carriage. 12 In the series described here, malaria prophylaxis was only taken by one person (patient 10). Personal hygiene was certainly an issue in many patients, leading to recurrent infections.…”