Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections: A Comprehensive Review and a Plastic Surgeon’s Approach to the Occult Sites

Abstract

There are very limited, if any, Level I or II data regarding methicillin-resistant S. aureus screening and decolonization. As the sequelae of a surgical-site infection can be disastrous, expert opinions recommend that plastic surgeons vigorously address methicillin-resistant S. aureus colonization and infection. The authors have developed and recommend a simple decolonization protocol that includes treatment of the umbilicus, ear canal, and nares to limit surgical-site infection and improve surgical outcomes.

Development of Antibacterial Peptides with Membrane Disruption and Folate Pathway Inhibitory Activities against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

“…After removal of the glutaraldehyde solution, the slides were rinsed three times with PBS for 15 min each. The slides were dehydrated using serial doses of ethanol (10,20,4, 80, 99.5, and 100%), for 15 min at each concentration. The slides were dried overnight using a critical point desiccator, further coated with a thin layer of platinum, and finally detected with a scanning electron microscope.…”

“…The use of a large number of broad-spectrum antibiotics has accelerated the evolution of pathogenic bacteria, resulting in the recent, continuous emergence of extensive multi-drug-resistant infections. − Over the past decades, MRSA infections, resistant to oxacillin, methicillin, and cefradine, have become prevalent around the world and have been a severe threat to human health. , Although antibacterial drugs with potent and broad antibacterial spectrum, including vancomycin, teicoplanin, and linezolid, are applied for MRSA treatment, these chemicals are prone to drug resistance after long-term or frequent use. , With the rapidly increasing number of MRSA infections, the outcome of antibiotic therapy has become less optimistic. Due to the low economic benefits of antibiotics and the challenges surrounding their approval, the number of newly approved antibiotic drugs is declining, and there is a gap in the research and development of new antibiotics. , Multi-drug-resistant bacteria and the shortage of antibiotics make the discovery of new antibacterials imminent.…”

“…Due to the low economic benefits of antibiotics and the challenges surrounding their approval, the number of newly approved antibiotic drugs is declining, and there is a gap in the research and development of new antibiotics. 3,4 Multi-drug-resistant bacteria and the shortage of antibiotics make the discovery of new antibacterials imminent.…”

“…1−3 Over the past decades, MRSA infections, resistant to oxacillin, methicillin, and cefradine, have become prevalent around the world and have been a severe threat to human health. 4,5 Although antibacterial drugs with potent and broad antibacterial spectrum, including vancomycin, teicoplanin, and linezolid, are applied for MRSA treatment, these chemicals are prone to drug resistance after long-term or frequent use. 6,7 With the rapidly increasing number of MRSA infections, the outcome of antibiotic therapy has become less optimistic.…”

The combination of salvianolic acid A with latamoxef completely protects mice against lethal pneumonia caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

“…The bioactive natural products in traditional Chinese herbs have become an important source of inhibitors against virulence factors such as S. aureus SrtA [32]. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) have been widely used to screen for inhibitors of SrtA.…”