Methicillin‐resistant<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>in a population of horses in Australia

Axon, JE; Carrick, Joan B.; Barton, Mary; Collins, NM; Russell, CM; Kiehne, J; Coombs, Geoffrey W.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.2011.00711.x

Cited by 42 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These were strongly associated with equine practice veterinarians and were often resistant to rifampicin and gentamicin [19]. MRSA CC8 (ST8 and ST612) is the most commonly identified clone among both Australian veterinarians and clinical equine samples [35]. Similarly, in the present study, a high proportion of MRSA isolates from cases of infection in Australian horses were also resistant to rifampicin (9.4%) but rarely resistant to fluoroquinolones.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Antimicrobial resistance in coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from companion animals in Australia: A one year study

et al. 2017

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Methicillin-resistant coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS) have become increasingly recognised as opportunistic pathogens that limit therapeutic options in companion animals. The frequency of methicillin resistance amongst clinical isolates on an Australia-wide level is unknown. This study determined antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for CoPS isolated from clinical infections in companion animals (dogs, cats and horses) as part of the first nation-wide survey on antimicrobial resistance in animal pathogens in Australia for a one-year period (January 2013 to January 2014). Clinical Staphylococcus spp. isolates (n = 888) obtained from 22 veterinary diagnostic laboratories were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing for 16 antimicrobials, representing 12 antimicrobial classes. Potential risk factors associated with methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs were analysed based on demographic factors and clinical history, including gender, age, previous antimicrobial treatment, chronic and/or recurrent diseases and site of infections. The most commonly identified CoPS were S. pseudintermedius (70.8%; dogs n = 616, cats n = 13) and S. aureus (13.2%, horses n = 53, dogs n = 47 and cats n = 17). Overall, the frequency of methicillin resistance among S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) and S. aureus (MRSA) was 11.8% and 12.8%, respectively. MRSP isolates were strongly associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones (OR 287; 95%CI 91.2–1144.8) and clindamycin (OR 105.2, 95%CI 48.5–231.9). MRSA isolates from dogs and cats were also more likely to be resistant to fluoroquinolones (OR 5.4, 95%CI 0.6–252.1), whereas MRSA from horses were more likely to be resistant to rifampicin. In multivariate analysis, MRSP-positive status was significantly associated with particular infection sites, including surgical (OR 8.8; 95%CI 3.74–20.7), and skin and soft tissue (OR 3.9; 95%CI 1.97–7.51). S. pseudintermedius isolated from dogs with surgical site infections were three times more likely to be methicillin-resistant if cases had received prior antimicrobial treatment. Whilst the survey results indicate the proportion of CoPS obtained from Australian companion animals that are methicillin-resistant is currently moderate, the identified risk factors suggest that it could rapidly increase without adequate biosecurity and infection control procedures in veterinary practice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Antimicrobial resistance in coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from companion animals in Australia: A one year study

et al. 2017

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“…MRSA colonisation in healthy horses has been reported worldwide including the UK (Loeffler and others 2011), Ireland (O'Mahony and others 2005), Australia (Axon and others 2011), and the USA and Canada (Weese and others 2005b). In North America, in particular, significantly higher MRSA colonisation rates have been reported in large-scale farms housing over 20 horses than in small-scale farms (Weese and others 2005b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meticillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonisation and infection in Thoroughbred racehorses and veterinarians in Japan

et al. 2016

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Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections have been confirmed in hospitalised Thoroughbred racehorses at the hospitals of two training centres in Japan since 2009. To investigate the source of infection, the authors examined the rate of nasal MRSA colonisation in 600 healthy Thoroughbred racehorses, 53 veterinarians and 16 office staff at the racehorse hospitals of the two training centres. MRSA was not isolated from healthy Thoroughbred racehorses or hospital office staff. However, MRSA was isolated from 16 veterinarians (30.1 per cent), and the colonisation rate was significantly higher in veterinarians than in the office staff of the same hospitals. Also, 10 of the 16 MRSA strains (62.5 per cent) isolated from veterinarians were classified as type II by staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing and ST5 by multilocus sequence typing. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis demonstrated that these 10 MRSA strains of SCCmec type II and ST5 were genetically identical or very similar to 9 MRSA strains isolated from infected horses hospitalised at these hospitals between 2009 and 2013. These results indicate that SCCmec type II and ST5 MRSA strains were probably transmitted between veterinarians and infected horses.

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“…ST612-IV accounted for the majority of, albeit infrequent, CA-MRSA from hospitals in Cape Town [108]. ST612 itself was previously only sporadically described in Germany as well as in Australian horses [110, 111]. Notably, these ST612 isolates contain spa t064 and have a PFGE pattern consistent with USA500.…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Case Studies

Sowash

Uhlemann

2013

Methods in Molecular Biology

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Over the past decade, the emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has changed the landscape of S. aureus infections around the globe. Initially recognized for its ability to cause disease in young and healthy individuals without healthcare exposures as well as for its distinct genotype and phenotype, this original description no longer fully encompasses the diversity of CA-MRSA as it continues to expand its niche. Using four case studies, we highlight a wide range of the clinical presentations and challenges of CA-MRSA. Based on these cases we further explore the globally polygenetic background of CA-MRSA with a special emphasis on generally less characterized populations.

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Methicillin‐resistantStaphylococcus aureusin a population of horses in Australia

Abstract: MRSA was present in a population of horses in Australia. Genotypic analysis of the isolates identified the MRSA strain as CC8 S. aureus. Further research needs to be undertaken to evaluate MRSA infection and colonisation of horses and personnel in Australia.

Cited by 42 publications

References 29 publications

Antimicrobial resistance in coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from companion animals in Australia: A one year study

Antimicrobial resistance in coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from companion animals in Australia: A one year study

Meticillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonisation and infection in Thoroughbred racehorses and veterinarians in Japan

Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Case Studies

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