Methanol and Formaldehyde

Hovda, Knut Erik; McMartin, Kenneth E.; Jacobsen, Dag

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-17900-1_78

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…However, these patients would have no clinical features from the methanol poisoning. An algorithm for the clinical use of a formate analysis in diagnosing methanol poisoning has earlier been suggested 7 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methanol poisoning has a high mortality and morbidity, but effective treatment exists provided early diagnosis and initiation of treatment 1–6 . The gold standard for diagnosis is detection of plasma methanol by gas chromatography (GC) 7 . This is rarely available around the clock even in large university hospitals in high‐income countries, and most often it is not available at all in low‐ and middle‐income countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An enzymatic assay with formate oxidase for point‐of‐care diagnosis of methanol poisoning

Lao

Heyerdahl

Jacobsen

et al. 2022

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

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Gas chromatographic analysis for quantification of plasma methanol requires laboratory equipment and personnel, and it is typically unavailable in short time notice, especially in low-and middle-income countries. Detection of formate with the enzyme formate oxidase (FOX) is a promising method that can make the diagnosis of methanol poisoning simple and fast. The aims of this study were to test the sensitivity and specificity of a modified FOX-enzyme and to test the specificity of a point-of-care (POC)-model containing FOXenzyme with samples from patients with metabolic acidosis. The sensitivity and specificity of FOX-enzyme in aqueous solution were evaluated with a spectrometer and by visual detection for colour change. Formate concentrations between 1 and 20 mmol/L were used to test sensitivity, and 18 potentially interfering substances were tested for specificity. The sensitivity of the FOXenzyme was 100% and the specificity 97%. When specificity of the POC-model was tested, no false positives were detected. As such, the sensitivity and specificity of this modified FOX-enzyme for detection of formate were high. The results with this enzyme confirm the potential for its use in formate analysis as a fast diagnosis of methanol poisoning. K E Y W O R D S bedside testing, diagnosis, formate, methanol poisoning, point-of-care-testing

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An enzymatic assay with formate oxidase for point‐of‐care diagnosis of methanol poisoning

Lao

Heyerdahl

Jacobsen

et al. 2022

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

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“…[ 55,56 ] The annual demand for formaldehyde has surpassed 30 megatons, and the production of formaldehyde has been extremely stable. [ 57,58 ] As demand for cosmetics, disinfectants, and pharmaceuticals increases, the demand for formaldehyde is expected to grow continuously with the manufacturing industry's development. [ 59 ] Formaldehyde is conventionally synthesized by the oxidation of methanol at extremely high temperatures using various metal and oxide catalysts.…”

Section: Photoelectrochemical Organic Upgradingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Upgrading through Photoelectrochemical Reactions: Toward Higher Profits

et al. 2023

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Aqueous photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells have long been considered a promising technology to convert solar energy into hydrogen. However, the solar‐to‐H2 (STH) efficiency and cost‐effectiveness of PEC water splitting are significantly limited by sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics and the low economic value of the produced O2, hindering the practical commercialization of PEC cells. Recently, organic upgrading PEC reactions, especially for alternative OERs, have received tremendous attention, which improves not only the STH efficiency but also the economic effectiveness of the overall reaction. In this review, PEC reaction fundamentals and reactant‐product cost analysis of organic upgrading reactions are briefly reviewed, recent advances made in organic upgrading reactions, which are categorized by their reactant substrates, such as methanol, ethanol, glycol, glycerol, and complex hydrocarbons, are then summarized and discussed. Finally, the current status, further outlooks, and challenges toward industrial applications are discussed.

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“…Methanol poisoning, which usually occurs by ingestion, can lead to irreversible tissue damage, especially to the eyes and nervous system, or even death [ 1 ]. This happens because methanol is metabolized by the body to form formic acid, formate, and formaldehyde [ 2 ], which are very toxic [ 3 ]. Outbreaks of methanol poisoning occur frequently in many countries, with hundreds of deaths due to adulterated alcohol [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanosensor Based on Thermal Gradient and Machine Learning for the Detection of Methanol Adulteration in Alcoholic Beverages and Methanol Poisoning

Tonezzer

Bazzanella

Gasperi

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Methanol, naturally present in small quantities in the distillation of alcoholic beverages, can lead to serious health problems. When it exceeds a certain concentration, it causes blindness, organ failure, and even death if not recognized in time. Analytical techniques such as chromatography are used to detect dangerous concentrations of methanol, which are very accurate but also expensive, cumbersome, and time-consuming. Therefore, a gas sensor that is inexpensive and portable and capable of distinguishing methanol from ethanol would be very useful. Here, we present a resistive gas sensor, based on tin oxide nanowires, that works in a thermal gradient. By combining responses at various temperatures and using machine learning algorithms (PCA, SVM, LDA), the device can distinguish methanol from ethanol in a wide range of concentrations (1–100 ppm) in both dry air and under different humidity conditions (25–75% RH). The proposed sensor, which is small and inexpensive, demonstrates the ability to distinguish methanol from ethanol at different concentrations and could be developed both to detect the adulteration of alcoholic beverages and to quickly recognize methanol poisoning.

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Methanol and Formaldehyde

Cited by 12 publications

References 88 publications

An enzymatic assay with formate oxidase for point‐of‐care diagnosis of methanol poisoning

An enzymatic assay with formate oxidase for point‐of‐care diagnosis of methanol poisoning

Organic Upgrading through Photoelectrochemical Reactions: Toward Higher Profits

Nanosensor Based on Thermal Gradient and Machine Learning for the Detection of Methanol Adulteration in Alcoholic Beverages and Methanol Poisoning

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