Methane Production from Biomass and Agricultural Residues

Abstract

The status is presented of the Fuels from Biomass program of the U.S. Department of Energy, especially with respect to fuel gas production from biomass and residues. The entire scope of this Fuels from Biomass program is given, followed by a perspective on fuel gas production. Anaerobic fermentation has been the primary processing system under investigation for methane production. Cattle manure, both beef and dairy, has been the primary substrate evaluated in this bioconversion process although agricultural residues, such as straw, and selected crops grown specifically for energy utilization are also being evaluated. Projects range from laboratory programs through large-scale experiments to full-scale facilities. Description is provided of current programs. In every respect, the Fuels from Biomass program is oriented towards obtaining meaningful supplies of fuel gas.

Methane Production by a Packed-Bed Anaerobic Digester Fed Dairy Barn Flush Water

“…In that year, 41.4 billion pounds (18.8 billion kilograms) of milk was produced at an approximate value of seven billion dollars, making milk the leading agricultural commodity in the state (California Milk Advisory Board 2013). Manure from these dairies is a potentially large source of methane fuel (Wise et al 1979) however it must be dealt with in a manner which promotes the safety of the animals, protects public health and prevents environmental damage (Hart & Turner 1965;Wilkie 2003, Krich et al 2005.…”