Methane emissions, ruminal characteristics and nitrogen utilisation changes after refaunation of protozoa-free sheep

Nguyen, Son Hung; Bremner, Graeme; McCarthy, Cameron; Hegarty, R. S.

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.08.002

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Although tannins from macrotiloma apparently did not show any negative effect on ATTD of nutrients and ruminal degradability of diet in this experiment, protozoa counts seemed to be affected by these molecules. Tannins are pointed out as capable of reducing ruminal protozoa populations (Jayanegara et al, 2012), and despite some controversy, reducing protozoa count is considered a CH 4 mitigation strategy, thus characterising another possible benefit regarding the use of macrotiloma (Hristov et al, 2013;Nguyen, Bremner, Cameron, & Hegarty, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional evaluation of the legume Macrotyloma axillare using in vitro and in vivo bioassays in sheep

Lima

Moreira

Sakita

et al. 2017

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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This study consisted of two experiments with the following objectives: to evaluate the effects of tannins from the tropical legume macrotiloma (Macrotyloma axillare) on total gas and methane (CH ) production, as well as on ruminal fermentation parameters by performing an in vitro bioassay, with samples incubated with and without polyethylene glycol (PEG) in a semi-automatic system; and secondly in a 17 day in vivo experiment, to determine apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dietary nutrients and ruminal fermentation parameters of 12 intact 8- to 9-month-old Santa Inês (averaging 24.95 ± 1.8 kg body weight) ewes fed tropical grass hay supplemented with macrotiloma hay. The ewes were divided into two treatment groups depending on their diet: chopped aruana grass hay (Panicum maximum cv. Aruana) (control-CON); and aruana grass hay supplemented with chopped macrotiloma hay (macrotiloma-MAC). The animals were kept for 5 consecutive days in metabolic cages for the ATTD assay, and at the end of this period, samples of rumen fluid were collected from each ewe to determine ammoniacal nitrogen (NH -N) and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, and protozoa count. For the in vitro assay, a decrease in total gas and CH production was observed for samples incubated without PEG (p < .05). No differences were observed for the other parameters evaluated (p > .05). In the in vivo experiment, increased intake and ATTD of crude protein were observed for the animals fed MAC when compared to CON (p < .05). For rumen fermentation parameters, increased NH -N, total SCFA and isobutyrate concentrations, as well as reduced protozoa count were observed for MAC when compared to CON (p < .05). The results observed here indicated the potential of macrotiloma for use as a ruminant feed, and antimethanogenic potential of this plant was noted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional evaluation of the legume Macrotyloma axillare using in vitro and in vivo bioassays in sheep

Lima

Moreira

Sakita

et al. 2017

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…Sheep were randomly allocated to two treatment groups being defaunated (DEF) or faunated (FAU) with four replicates per treatment and one sheep per replicate. Defaunated sheep used in the present experiment had been defaunated two years previously as described in Nguyen, Bremner, Cameron, and Hegarty (2016). Absence of rumen protozoa in DEF sheep was confirmed before conducting the experiment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary nitrate and presence of protozoa increase nitrate and nitrite reduction in the rumen of sheep

Villar

Hegarty

Clay

et al. 2020

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Nitrate ( NO3- ) supplementation is an effective methane (CH4) mitigation strategy for ruminants but may produce nitrite ( NO2- ) toxicity. It has been reported that rumen protozoa have greater ability for NO3- and NO2- reduction than bacteria. It was hypothesised that the absence of ruminal protozoa in sheep may lead to higher NO2- accumulation in the rumen and a higher blood methaemoglobin (MetHb) concentration. An in vivo experiment was conducted with defaunated (DEF) and faunated (FAU) sheep supplemented with 1.8% NO3- in DM. The effects of rumen protozoa on concentrations of plasma and ruminal NO3- and NO2- , blood MetHb, ruminal volatile fatty acid (VFA) and ruminal ammonia (NH3) were investigated. Subsequently, two in vitro experiments were conducted to determine the contribution of protozoa to NO3- and NO2- reduction rates in DEF and FAU whole rumen digesta (WRD) and its liquid (LIQ) and solid (SOL) fractions, incubated alone (CON), with the addition of NO3- or with the addition of NO2- . The results from the in vivo experiment showed no differences in total VFA concentrations, although ruminal NH3 was greater (p < .01) in FAU sheep. Ruminal NO3- , NO2- and plasma NO2- concentrations tended to increase (p < .10) 1.5 hr after feeding in FAU relative to DEF sheep. In vitro results showed that NO3- reduction to NH3 was stimulated (p < .01) by incoming NO3- in both DEF and FAU relative to CON digesta. However, adding NO3- increased (p < .05) the rate of NO2- accumulation in the SOL fraction of DEF relative to both fractions of FAU digesta. Results observed in vivo and in vitro suggest that NO3- and NO2- are more rapidly metabolised in the presence of rumen protozoa. Defaunated sheep may have an increased risk of NO2- poisoning due to NO2- accumulation in the rumen.

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“…Mesmo possuindo grande representatividade dentro da microbiota, a função dos protozoários ainda é controversa e sabe-se que a existência deles não é essencial para o ecossistema ruminal e bem-estar dos animais que os hospedam (NGUYEN et al, 2016).…”

Section: Contagem De Protozoários Ruminaisunclassified

“…Devido a esta relação entre metanogênicas e protozoários é que frequentemente se observa a contagem destes micro-organismos em estudos relativos à emissão de CH 4 HRISTOV et al, 2011;NGUYEN et al, 2016). …”

Section: Contagem De Protozoários Ruminaisunclassified

“…Taninos são tidos como sendo capazes de reduzir a contagem de protozoários no rúmen . Embora ainda que de maneira controversa, a redução da contagem de protozoários ruminais é apontada como uma estratégia de mitigação da produção de metano entérico, uma vez que parte das metanogênicas vive em associação a estes microorganismos, caracterizando dessa forma, outro possível benefício do uso desta leguminosa na alimentação de ruminantes NGUYEN et al, 2016). Na incubação in vitro descrita previamente, observou-se que os taninos da macrotiloma reduziram a PTG, a produção de CH 4 (p < 0,05) e que houve tendência (p < 0,10) para a proporção de CH 4 produzido em relação à PTG, ser menor para as amostras que estiveram sujeitas aos efeitos dos taninos da macrotiloma (amostras sem PEG) quando comparadas às amostras incubadas com PEG.…”

Section: Digestibilidade Aparente De Nutrientesunclassified

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Aspectos produtivos e emissão de metano em ovinos Santa Inês suplementados com a leguminosa Macrotyloma axillare

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Methane emissions, ruminal characteristics and nitrogen utilisation changes after refaunation of protozoa-free sheep

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Nutritional evaluation of the legume Macrotyloma axillare using in vitro and in vivo bioassays in sheep

Nutritional evaluation of the legume Macrotyloma axillare using in vitro and in vivo bioassays in sheep

Dietary nitrate and presence of protozoa increase nitrate and nitrite reduction in the rumen of sheep

Aspectos produtivos e emissão de metano em ovinos Santa Inês suplementados com a leguminosa Macrotyloma axillare

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