Methane cracking as a bridge technology to the hydrogen economy

The Relationship between Reaction Temperature and Carbon Deposition on Nickel Catalysts Based on Al2O3, ZrO2 or SiO2 Supports during the Biogas Dry Reforming Reaction

“…Through dry reforming, biogas becomes the intermediate of a renewable biomass-to-hydrogen/syngas conversion scheme that can find use to power fuel cells or produce useful chemicals and liquid fuels through the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Moreover, biogas dry reforming could make a sizable contribution to the future production of renewable hydrogen, which is envisioned as the best fuel for highly efficient generation of electricity in fuel cell plants and vehicles with zero carbon and greenhouse gas emissions [5,6].…”

“…The methane decomposition Equation 3and Boudouard reactions Equation (4) induce carbon deposition on the catalyst surface encapsulating its active sites and leading to partial or total deactivation. Part of the deposited carbon is removed through gasification or partial oxidation as CO Equations (5) and (6) or through complete oxidation as CO 2 Equation (8). Finally, syngas formation may also be impeded by the reaction of CO methanation Equation (8) [7,8]…”

Natural Gas Decarbonization as Tool for Greenhouse Gases Emission Control

“…Finding a technological solution for continuing the utilization of fossil-fuel resources while avoiding CO 2 emissions is key to achieving the climate protection targets fixed in international fori, as the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. Technology like methane decomposition could serve as a bridging solution during the transition from a fossil-fuel based economy to a more sustainable one (Weger et al, 2017), making it possible to exploit the available resources until a new system is completely implemented.…”

Lowering the Carbon Footprint of Steel Production Using Hydrogen Direct Reduction of Iron Ore and Molten Metal Methane Pyrolysis

“…Steep reduction in electrolyser costs and availability of cheap renewable electricity are necessary for adoption of water electrolysis based H-DRI-EAF route for steel production.Although,there has been substantial progress in both,use of green hydrogen for steel production,to replace the BF-BOF process,would not be economically feasible before late 2030's [6].Given the impending climate crisis,there is an urgent need to take immediate action to reduce emissions from the steel industry.During the transition period of fossil fuel based electricity generation to renewable based electricity system,use of hydrogen,derived from natural gas could accelerate the transition towards H-DRI and pave the path for use of green hydrogen in the future.Methane pyrolysis,could act as a bridge technology for the hydrogen future [11] as it generates hydrogen without emitting CO 2 [16].A new system for H-DRI production and CO 2 free hydrogen production is proposed in this article,by combining natural gas pyrolysis on liquid metal surface inside a bubble column reactor and hydrogen direct reduction of iron ore coupled with an EAF for steel production.The concept of the system along with the relevant literature is described in section 2.In section 3,the proposed system is described.Discussions based on preliminary investigations of the systems based on its mass and energy balance and CO 2 footprint are presented in section 4.These discussions are followed with the concluding remarks in section 5.…”