Methane budget from paddy fields in India

Parashar, D. C.; Mitra, Abhijit; Gupta, Prabhat K.; Rai, J.; Sharma, Rahul; Singh, Nahar; Koul, S.; Ray, H. S.; Das, Subir K.; Parida, K. M.; Rao, S. Srinivasa; Kanungo, Slipa; Ramasami, T.; Nair, Balachandran Unni; Swamy, Mahadeswara; Singh, Gulab; Gupta, Santosh Kumar; Singh, A. K.; Saikia, Brishti; Batua, A.K.S.; Pathak, Mohan; Iyer, C.S.P.; Gopalakrishnan, M.; Sane, P. V.; Singh, Sunil Kumar; Banerjee, Ruma; Sethunathan, N.; Adhya, T. K.; Rao, V. R.; Palit, P.; Saha, Ankit; Purkait, N. N.; Chaturvedi, G. S.; Sen, S. P.; Sen, Mausumi; Sarkar, Bipul; Banik, Avishek; Subbaraya, B. H.; Lal, Shyam; Venkatramani, S.; Lal, Girdhari; Chaudhary, Anand Kumar; Sinha, S. K.

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(96)00223-8

Cited by 73 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Later on a value of 3.0 Tg yr −1 was estimated on the basis of measurements done up to 1990 at various rice growing regions in the country (Mitra, 1991;Parashar et al, 1991). Parashar et al (1996) further revised the budget to be 4.0 Tg yr −1 with a range between 2.7 to 5.4 Tg yr −1 . Gupta et al (2002) using average emission factors for all paddy water regimes, which included harvested areas having soils with high organic carbon and organic amendments, estimated a budget of 5.0 Tg yr −1 .…”

Section: Scaling Up Ghg Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…of field measurements in India Matthews et al (1991) 21.7 Based on area under rice, crop calendar and daily CH 4 emission rate Taylor et al (1991) 18.4 Assuming a CH 4 -NPP ratio of 5% Khalil and Shearer (1993) 15.3 Extrapolated from a few direct flux measurements Sinha (1995) 1.2 Based on relationship between biomass production and CH 4 emission in rice Parashar et al (1996) 4.0 Extrapolated from several measurements all over India Cao et al (1996) 14.4 Using the Methane Emission Model (MEM) Sass and Fischer (1997) 4.2 Extrapolated from measured data from selected rice-growing areas in India ALGAS (1998) 3.6 Extrapolated from large No. of measurements all over India Matthews et al (2000c) 2.1 Using the MERES simulation model Gupta et al (2002) 5.0 Using CH 4 emission coefficients based on water regime and soil organic C Yan et al (2003) 5.9 Using the region specific emission factors IINC (2004) 4.1 Using the IPCC methodology and IPCC default CH 4 emission coefficients Bhatia et al (2004) 2.9 Using the IPCC methodology and measured CH 4 emission coefficients This study 1.5 Using the validated DNDC model and newly compiled soil, rice area and weather data base tically reduced CH 4 fluxes.…”

Section: Scaling Up Ghg Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Greenhouse gas emissions from Indian rice fields: calibration and upscaling using the DNDC model

2005

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Abstract. The Denitrification and Decomposition (DNDC) model was evaluated for its ability to simulate methane (CH 4 ), nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions from Indian rice fields with various management practices. The model was calibrated and validated for field experiments in New Delhi, India. The observed yield, N uptake and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were in good agreement with the values predicted by the model. The model was then applied for estimation of GHG emissions from rice fields in India using a newly compiled soil/climate/land use database. Continuous flooding of rice fields (42.25 million ha) resulted in annual net emissions of 1.07-1.10, 0.04-0.05 and 21.16-60.96 Tg of CH 4 -C, N 2 O-N and CO 2 -C, respectively, with a cumulated global warming potential (GWP) of 130.93-272.83 Tg CO 2 equivalent. Intermittent flooding of rice fields reduced annual net emissions to 0.12-0.13 Tg CH 4 -C and 16.66-48.80 Tg CO 2 -C while N 2 O emission increased to 0.05-0.06 Tg N 2 O-N. The GWP, however, reduced to 91.73-211.80 Tg CO 2 equivalent. The study suggested that the model could be applied for estimating the GHG emissions and the influences of agronomic management, soil and climatic parameters on the GHG emissions from rice fields in India.

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Section: Scaling Up Ghg Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scaling Up Ghg Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse gas emissions from Indian rice fields: calibration and upscaling using the DNDC model

2005

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“…They also argued for a distinction to be made between 'luxury' and 'survival' emissions, Contestations such as these continued, for example in the deeply normative struggle over the economic valuation of an individual human life in the IPCC's Second Assessment Report (Masood, 1995), and in the contestation between US and Indian scientists over how much methane was estimated to be emitted from India's rice fields (Parashar et al, 1996).…”

Section: A Lineage Of Contestationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The predictive state: Science, territory and the future of the Indian climate

Mahony

2013

Soc Stud Sci

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Acts of scientific calculation have long been considered central to the formation of the modern nation-state, yet the transnational spaces of knowledge generation and political action associated with climate change seem to challenge territorial modes of political order. This paper explores the changing geographies of climate prediction through a study of the ways in which climate change is rendered knowable at the national scale in India. The recent controversy surrounding an erroneous prediction of melting Himalayan glaciers by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) provides a window onto the complex and at times antagonistic relationship between the Panel and Indian political and scientific communities. The Indian reaction to the error, made public in 2009, drew upon a national history of contestation around climate change science, and corresponded with the establishment of a scientific assessment network (INCCA) which has given the state a new platform on which to bring together knowledge about the future climate. I argue that INCCA is indicative of the growing use of regional climate models within longer traditions of national territorial knowledge-making, allowing a re-scaling of climate change according to local norms and practices of linking scientific knowledge to political action. I illustrate the complex co-production of the epistemic and the normative in climate politics, but also seek to show how co-productionist understandings of science and politics can function as strategic resources in the ongoing negotiation of social order. In this case, scientific rationalities and modes of environmental governance contribute to the contested epistemic construction of territory and the evolving spatiality of the modern nation-state under a changing climate.

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“…Nitrogen (99.999% pure) was used as a carrier gas whereas hydrogen and zero air were used for ignition of the flame in the FID. Methane fluxes (CH 4 mg/m 2 /h) were calculated from the temporal increase in the gas concentration inside the box using the equation of Parashar et al (1996).…”

Section: Methane Sampling and Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

An application of blended amendments in monsoon rice field

Ghosh

Devi

2017

Ecol Process

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Introduction: Rice is the main food crop of the world, and the cultivation of rice crop during the monsoon season is hard due to the rain-induced waterlogging. Apart from this, farmers in north-eastern regions of India often implement improper crop management leading to poor yields. Thus, the development of suitable management practices under improved varieties of rice become essential for increasing rice productivity, improving soil quality status and reducing methane emission. Methods: The aim of the study was to investigate the variation in soil properties, crop growth and methane emission under the application of an inorganic fertiliser as well as its mixtures with both inorganic and plant materials. In such an attempt, a field-based experiment was conducted with the rice variety Chandrama during 2015 in slightly acidic soil having sandy loam texture. Five amendments, i.e. NPK and NPK, blended separately with magnesium sulphate, fresh neem (Azadirechta indica) leaves, used tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica) leaves, and fresh karanj (Pongamia glabra) leaves were used for the study with four replications each. Results: Application of NPK separately with the leaves of neem, tea and karanj separately at the onset of monsoon season markedly affected the soil porosity and the water-holding capacity of the soil. However, in comparison with sole NPK fertilisation, a significance increase in soil organic matter accumulation (2.48 ± 0.10%) was seen only for karanjblended NPK while magnesium sulphate-blended NPK showed the lowest methane emission (0.30 ± 0.01 mg/m

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Methane budget from paddy fields in India

Cited by 73 publications

References 11 publications

Greenhouse gas emissions from Indian rice fields: calibration and upscaling using the DNDC model

Greenhouse gas emissions from Indian rice fields: calibration and upscaling using the DNDC model

The predictive state: Science, territory and the future of the Indian climate

An application of blended amendments in monsoon rice field

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