Methamphetamine‐associated psychosis: Clinical presentation, biological basis, and treatment options

Chiang, Mathew; Lombardi, Doménico; Du, Jing; Makrum, Ursula; Sitthichai, Rangsun; Harrington, Amy; Shukair, Nawras; Zhao, Min; Fan, Xiaoduo

doi:10.1002/hup.2710

Cited by 46 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Such individuals may commit acts of serious violence towards others, including law enforcement officers, due to the physiologically arousing and paranoia‐inducing properties of the stimulants. Antipsychotic drugs can be beneficial in such cases and may require several weeks or months of treatment in a drug‐free environment to clear their psychotic symptoms (Chiang et al, 2019; McPherson, Hall, & Yudko, 2009). Delirious patients can also exhibit hallucinations and delusions (intensive care units often utilize restraints and antipsychotics in such patients to protect them from self‐harm, such as pulling out intravenous lines which are perceived as “snakes” by the patient) (Latronico, 2018).…”

Section: Delusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive‐affective drivers of fixation in threat assessment

Meloy

Rahman

2020

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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Pathological fixation -preoccupation with a person or a cause that is accompanied by deterioration in social and occupational functioning -has been found to precede most cases of targeted violence. It is clinically observed and theorized to have three different cognitive-affective drivers: delusion, obsession, or extreme overvalued belief. Each driver is explained, and case examples are provided in the context of threat assessment. Extreme overvalued belief as a new concept is discussed in detail, both its historical provenance and its demarcation from delusions and obsessions. Threat management for each separate cognitive-affective driver is briefly summarized, based upon current clinical findings and research. Emphasis is placed upon understanding both the categorical and dimensional nature (intensity) of these cognitive-affective drivers, and suggested guidelines are offered for the assessment of such in a clinical examination by a forensic psychiatrist or psychologist. | INTRODUCTIONPathological fixation -preoccupation with a particular person or cause that is accompanied by deterioration in

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Section: Delusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive‐affective drivers of fixation in threat assessment

Meloy

Rahman

2020

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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“…In addition, the patients we recruited were recent users of methamphetamine (MA), as MA has increasingly become an illegal drug of abuse worldwide, especially in Asia (40). Currently, methamphetamine use disorder (MAUD) has become an global public health issue (41). Therefore, improving the QOL of MAUD patients is critical to prevent an outbreak.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of Life in Patients With Methamphetamine Use Disorder: Relationship to Impulsivity and Drug Use Characteristics

et al. 2020

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Background: The quality of life (QOL) of patients with methamphetamine use disorder (MAUD) is increasingly recognized as an important outcome. Previous studies have found that impulsivity is negatively associated with QOL in mental disorders, but this relationship is rarely confirmed in patients with MAUD. We hypothesized that impulsivity is negatively correlated with QOL in patients with MAUD based on previous findings. In addition, a variety of drug use characteristics of patients that may potentially affect their QOL need to be further explored. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between impulsivity, multiple drug use characteristics, and QOL in patients with MAUD. Methods: A total of 379 patients with MAUD were recruited, and the majority of them were male (85.5%), with an average age of 33.93 ± 7.08 years. Two psychiatrists conducted semi-structured interviews with methamphetamine (MA) users in two compulsory drug rehabilitation centers to obtain their demographics and drug use characteristics. The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11) and Brief WHO Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-BREF) were used to assess patients' impulsivity and QOL, respectively. Correlation and univariate regression analysis were used to explore the relationships between impulsivity, a series of drug use characteristics and patients' QOL in different domains. Further multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify what extent the above clinical variables explained the variations in patients' QOL. Results: Age, marital status, employment, and various drug use characteristics were significantly associated with at least one QOL domain. Among them, married and full-time job were positively correlated with QOL, while others were negatively correlated with QOL. The total score of BIS-11 was significantly negatively correlated with all four domains of QOL. Impulsivity, a range of drug use characteristics and certain

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of its ready availability, inexpensiveness and reinforcing properties, the chronic use of MA can have serious and potentially dangerous consequences [5]. MA is a heavily-abused substance with an estimated 24 million users worldwide, indicating a serious and growing public health issue in a variety of countries [6]. Although decreasing significantly from ∼ 35 million in 2005, the prevalence of MA use has increased in Europe and Asia, in countries such as the Netherlands, China, India, and Iran [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MA is a heavily-abused substance with an estimated 24 million users worldwide, indicating a serious and growing public health issue in a variety of countries [6]. Although decreasing significantly from ∼ 35 million in 2005, the prevalence of MA use has increased in Europe and Asia, in countries such as the Netherlands, China, India, and Iran [6][7][8]. Of note, Iran faces with a higher rate of substance use as compared with many countries in the world, so that the rate of substance use has tripled in Iran in recent years as compared with the rate of population growth [9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the sequential patterns of methamphetamine use initiation in Iran

Sarani

Ahmadi

Oji

et al. 2020

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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Background Methamphetamine (MA) remains one of the most commonly used amphetamine-type stimulants, accounting for the second most widely-used substance after marijuana. Due to increased use of MA, a wide variety of research has focused on the patterns of MA use initiation among adolescents. Nevertheless, there are few data available for people who use MA. The present study set out to assess the sequential patterns of substance use initiation in patients with MA use disorders in Iran. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study described substance initiation patterns for 302 patients who used MA admitted to hospitals and psychiatric centers of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The study was conducted between April 2015 and June 2016. After obtaining informed consents, participants were interviewed by trained interviewers using face-to-face, semi-structured interviews. The collecting data were analyzed using the chi square tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests to compare the relationship between qualitative and quantitative variables, respectively. Results Out of 302 participants enrolled in the study, 16 (5.3%) and 286 (94.7%) were female and male, respectively. The mean age of participants in the study was 37.29 years. The mean age of onset of MA use was found to be 15.9 years. 46.1% of the patients started MA use before 15 years. 77.2% of the patients who used MA had family members with a history of substance use. 93.71% of the patients who used MA started substance use with tobacco, alcohol, or opium, as the most frequent substances. Tobacco, as the first substance or starting substance, exhibited the most widely-used substance (69.53% of the cases). Tobacco-alcohol-cannabis-opium-heroin-MA sequencing was significantly related to the early onset of the substance use. Early-onset substance use was significantly higher in those with lower income, primary education, and family history of substance use. No significant relationship was found between employment status with the age of onset of substance use, and different substance use with marital status. Conclusion Tobacco, alcohol and opium can be considered as the main sequencing substances for initiation to MA use. Standardized measures to decrease and control access to main starting and sequencing substances, including tobacco, alcohol, and opium, can greatly help decrease the early onset of the MA use, develop suitable prevention, and establish early intervention strategies.

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Methamphetamine‐associated psychosis: Clinical presentation, biological basis, and treatment options

Cited by 46 publications

References 65 publications

Cognitive‐affective drivers of fixation in threat assessment

Cognitive‐affective drivers of fixation in threat assessment

Quality of Life in Patients With Methamphetamine Use Disorder: Relationship to Impulsivity and Drug Use Characteristics

Investigating the sequential patterns of methamphetamine use initiation in Iran

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