Methamphetamine and its immune-modulating effects

Papageorgiou, Marco; Raza, Ali; Fraser, Sarah; Nurgali, Kulmira; Apostolopoulos, Vasso

doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.12.003

Cited by 54 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 123 publications

(187 reference statements)

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“…However, it has been determined that its abuse affects the immune response. Animals exposed to both acute and chronic METH use show alkalization of normally acidic organelles in immune cells, inhibition of antigen presentation, and impairment of phagocytosis ( 169 ). METH also generates mitochondrial oxidative damage, dysfunction of T lymphocytes and decreased production of antibodies and cytokines ( 159 ).…”

Section: Inflammatory Response Induced By Drug Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

The Challenge by Multiple Environmental and Biological Factors Induce Inflammation in Aging: Their Role in the Promotion of Chronic Disease

et al. 2020

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The aging process is driven by multiple mechanisms that lead to changes in energy production, oxidative stress, homeostatic dysregulation and eventually to loss of functionality and increased disease susceptibility. Most aged individuals develop chronic low-grade inflammation, which is an important risk factor for morbidity, physical and cognitive impairment, frailty, and death. At any age, chronic inflammatory diseases are major causes of morbimortality, affecting up to 5–8% of the population of industrialized countries. Several environmental factors can play an important role for modifying the inflammatory state. Genetics accounts for only a small fraction of chronic-inflammatory diseases, whereas environmental factors appear to participate, either with a causative or a promotional role in 50% to 75% of patients. Several of those changes depend on epigenetic changes that will further modify the individual response to additional stimuli. The interaction between inflammation and the environment offers important insights on aging and health. These conditions, often depending on the individual’s sex, appear to lead to decreased longevity and physical and cognitive decline. In addition to biological factors, the environment is also involved in the generation of psychological and social context leading to stress. Poor psychological environments and other sources of stress also result in increased inflammation. However, the mechanisms underlying the role of environmental and psychosocial factors and nutrition on the regulation of inflammation, and how the response elicited for those factors interact among them, are poorly understood. Whereas certain deleterious environmental factors result in the generation of oxidative stress driven by an increased production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inflammation, other factors, including nutrition (polyunsaturated fatty acids) and behavioral factors (exercise) confer protection against inflammation, oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and thus ameliorate their deleterious effect. Here, we discuss processes and mechanisms of inflammation associated with environmental factors and behavior, their links to sex and gender, and their overall impact on aging.

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Section: Inflammatory Response Induced By Drug Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

The Challenge by Multiple Environmental and Biological Factors Induce Inflammation in Aging: Their Role in the Promotion of Chronic Disease

et al. 2020

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“…32 METH can also exert immune-modulating and proinflammatory effects that can predispose chronic users to a host of various diseases. 33 The profound dental and oral damage ("meth mouth") associated with METH dependence has been well documented and is reaching epidemic proportions. 34 This condition may be caused by a variety of different factors, including reduced saliva production, cravings for high-calorie drinks, and the acidity of the drug.…”

Section: Focused Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Back With a Vengeance: The Reappearance of Methamphetamine and its Implications for Health Care Providers

Salani¹,

Valdes²,

Santis³

et al. 2020

The Journal for Nurse Practitioners

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A great deal of attention has been placed on the opioid epidemic that the United States is currently experiencing; however, a resurgence in methamphetamine (METH) use has been occurring during the past 5 years. METH is an addictive stimulant that primarily affects the central nervous system by increasing dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Ranking second to opioids, METH use has had a significant impact on mortality, morbidity, and health-related costs and remains a serious public health problem in the United States. Individuals who use METH often use an emergency department or community-based organization for health care. Therefore, nurses and other health care providers must be knowledgeable about the harmful physical and psychological health effects of METH.

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“…22 In addition, methamphetamine may modulate the functions of the immune cells and change the cytokine balance, which leads to neurotoxicity with a compromise of the bloodbrain barrier, and alterations to the brain plasticity, and eventually contributes to age-related dysfunctions, including dementia. 23 We hypothesize that an early exposure of amphetamine, particularly in those of amphetamine dependency, may enhance the risk of developing dementia afterwards. By employing a nationwide cohort in Taiwan, we conducted this study to investigate the association between amphetamine usage and dementia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between amphetamine‐related disorders and dementia‐a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan

Tzeng

Chien

Chung

et al. 2020

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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Objective We have conducted a study to clarify the association between amphetamine‐related disorders (ARD) and the risk of developing dementia. Methods This study used a retrospective cohort design by using Taiwan’s National Health Research Institute Database. A random sample of 68,300 subjects between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2015, was obtained, comprising of 17,075 patients with ARD, and 51,225 controls without ARD (1:3), matched for gender and age group. After adjusting for covariates, a Fine and Gray’s survival analysis (competing with mortality) was used to compare the risk of dementia during a 15‐year follow‐up period. Results In the present study, 1,751 of 17,075 patients with ARD and 2,147 of 51,225 in the control group without ARD (883.10 vs 342.83 per 100,000 person‐years) developed dementia. ARD cohort was more likely to develop dementia (hazard ratio = 4.936 [95% CI: 4.609–5.285, P < 0.001). After adjusting for gender, age groups, education, monthly insured premiums, urbanization level, geographic region, comorbidities, the hazard ratio for ARD patients was 5.034 (95% CI: 4.701–5.391, P < 0.001). ARD has been associated with overall dementia, Alzheimer dementia, vascular dementia, and other dementia. Both the amphetamine use disorder and amphetamine‐induced psychotic disorders were associated with the risk of overall dementia, Alzheimer dementia, vascular dementia, and other dementia. Interpretation This study shows that patients with ARD, both the amphetamine use disorder and the amphetamine‐induced psychotic disorder, may have a nearly fivefold risk of developing dementia, including Alzheimer dementia and other types of dementia.

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Methamphetamine and its immune-modulating effects

Cited by 54 publications

References 123 publications

The Challenge by Multiple Environmental and Biological Factors Induce Inflammation in Aging: Their Role in the Promotion of Chronic Disease

The Challenge by Multiple Environmental and Biological Factors Induce Inflammation in Aging: Their Role in the Promotion of Chronic Disease

Back With a Vengeance: The Reappearance of Methamphetamine and its Implications for Health Care Providers

Association between amphetamine‐related disorders and dementia‐a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan

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