Methamphetamine, Amphetamine, and MDMA Use and Emergency Department Recidivism

Richards, John R.; Placone, Taylaur W.; Wang, Colin G.; Linden, Christien van der; Derlet, Robert W.; Laurin, Erik G.

doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.04.051

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Data from emergency department (ED) admissions showed that the majority of individuals admitted with urines positive for METH were males even though the heavier (odd ratio 2.6, p < 0.0001) users were female patients ( Richards et al, 2020 ). Earlier studies had documented increases in ED visits by male patients (44,008 in 2007–63,092 in 2011) compared to females (23,942 in 2007–39,869 in 2011) ( Mattson, 2013 ).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Meth Use and Misusementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is likely that the greater neurological and cognitive/emotional impairments observed in women METH users might be secondary to the fact that females experience heavier and greater lifetime episodes of METH use and also suffer more frequent relapses than men ( Hartwell et al, 2016 ; Morales et al, 2015 ; Richards et al, 2020 ; Rungnirundorn et al, 2017 ; Su et al, 2017 ; Yimsaard et al, 2018 ). It is also not farfetched to suggest that abnormalities in functional gene polymorphisms in genes such as BDNF, alpha-synuclein, CHRNA5, GSTM1, GABRA1, and ADORA2A that regulate synaptic plasticity and neuro-adaptations in the brain might serve as important contributing factors for the observed increased susceptibility to psychotic behaviors observed in female METH users.…”

Section: Sexual Dimorphism In the Clinical Manifestations Of Meth Use...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sex differences in methamphetamine use disorder perused from pre-clinical and clinical studies: Potential therapeutic impacts

Daiwile

Jayanthi

Cadet

2022

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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Section: Epidemiology Of Meth Use and Misusementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sexual Dimorphism In the Clinical Manifestations Of Meth Use...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in methamphetamine use disorder perused from pre-clinical and clinical studies: Potential therapeutic impacts

Daiwile

Jayanthi

Cadet

2022

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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“… 14 , 15 Along with the increase in methamphetamine-related ED visits for medical and psychiatric reasons, emergency clinicians describe methamphetamine use as a significant problem with high resource utilization and risk of violence against staff. 16 , 17 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“That Line Just Kept Moving”: Motivations and Experiences of People Who Use Methamphetamine

Fockele

Morse

Draanen³

et al. 2023

WestJEM

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Introduction: Methamphetamine use is on the rise with increasing emergency department (ED) visits, behavioral health crises, and deaths associated with use and overdose. Emergency clinicians describe methamphetamine use as a significant problem with high resource utilization and violence against staff, but little is known about the patient’s perspective. In this study our objective was to identify the motivations for initiation and continued methamphetamine use among people who use methamphetamine and their experiences in the ED to guide future ED-based approaches. Methods: This was a qualitative study of adults residing in the state of Washington in 2020, who used methamphetamine in the prior 30 days, met criteria for moderate- to high-risk use, reported recently receiving care in the ED, and had phone access. Twenty individuals were recruited to complete a brief survey and semistructured interview, which was recorded and transcribed prior to being coded. Modified grounded theory guided the analysis, and the interview guide and codebook were iteratively refined. Three investigators coded the interviews until consensus was reached. Data was collected until thematic saturation. Results: Participants described a shifting line that separates the positive attributes from the negative consequences of using methamphetamine. Many initially used methamphetamine to enhance social interactions, combat boredom, and escape difficult circumstances by numbing the senses. However, continued use regularly led to isolation, ED visits for the medical and psychological sequelae of methamphetamine use, and engagement in increasingly risky behaviors. Because of their overwhelmingly frustrating experiences in the past, interviewees anticipated difficult interactions with healthcare clinicians, leading to combativeness in the ED, avoidance of the ED at all costs, and downstream medical complications. Participants desired a non-judgmental conversation and linkage to outpatient social resources and addiction treatment. Conclusion: Methamphetamine use can lead patients to seek care in the ED, where they often feel stigmatized and are provided little assistance. Emergency clinicians should acknowledge addiction as a chronic condition, address acute medical and psychiatric symptoms adequately, and provide positive connections to addiction and medical resources. Future work should incorporate the perspectives of people who use methamphetamine into ED-based programs and interventions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24,25 Despite existing research having established a link between ATS use and mental health issues, there is little known about the order of onset and the implications of this for treatment. 26,27 The mixed-methods European 'ATTUNE' study aimed to address a gap in knowledge on what shapes ATS use across the life-course; how to prevent and treat harmful ATS use and what influences different trajectories of consumption through individuals' lives. Prior to this, there was limited understanding around which factors lead to increased ATS use, or what could help to facilitate decreased use, or desistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘The Drugs Did For Me What I Couldn’t Do For Myself’: A Qualitative Exploration of the Relationship Between Mental Health and Amphetamine-Type Stimulant (ATS) Use

et al. 2021

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Substance use and mental ill health constitute a major public health burden, and a key global policy priority is to reduce illicit and other harmful substance use. Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) are the second most used class of illicit drugs and a range of mental health issues have been documented amongst users. This paper explores the relationship between mental health and ATS use, through a thematic analysis of qualitative interviews with n = 18 current and former ATS users in England. The findings are presented by trajectory point of; (1) Initiation of ATS use; (2) continued and increased ATS use and (3) decreased and remitted ATS use. This work helps to develop understanding around the complex and bi-directional relationship between ATS use and mental health. Many ATS users lead chaotic lives and engage in multiple risk behaviours, however there is a need to better understand and conceptualise the dynamic interaction between different individual, social, environment and cultural factors that determine individuals’ mental health and substance use. There is no ‘one size fits all’ approach to prevention and treatment, and these findings highlight the need for more joined-up, tailored and holistic approaches to intervention development.

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Methamphetamine, Amphetamine, and MDMA Use and Emergency Department Recidivism

Cited by 10 publications

References 46 publications

Sex differences in methamphetamine use disorder perused from pre-clinical and clinical studies: Potential therapeutic impacts

Sex differences in methamphetamine use disorder perused from pre-clinical and clinical studies: Potential therapeutic impacts

“That Line Just Kept Moving”: Motivations and Experiences of People Who Use Methamphetamine

‘The Drugs Did For Me What I Couldn’t Do For Myself’: A Qualitative Exploration of the Relationship Between Mental Health and Amphetamine-Type Stimulant (ATS) Use

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