Meth/amphetamine use and associated HIV: Implications for global policy and public health

Degenhardt, Louisa; Mathers, Bradley; Guarinieri, Mauro; Panda, Samiran; Phillips, Benjamin; Strathdee, Steffanie A.; Tyndall, Mark W.; Wiessing, Lucas; Wodak, Alex; Howard, John

doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2009.11.007

Cited by 150 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…During this same time period, the amount of crack/cocaine use has leveled off after showing recent decline [17]. Overall, amphetamine-like substances, including methamphetamine, are the fastest rising drugs of abuse worldwide [18]. There is a growing body of evidence [2,7,11,19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methamphetamine-Associated Congestive Heart Failure: Increasing Prevalence and Relationship of Clinical Outcomes to Continued Use or Abstinence

2015

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The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of methamphetamine-associated congestive heart failure (MAC) and to evaluate the relationship between methamphetamine abuse and EF and functional status over time. A retrospective review of records from 2009 to 2014 was carried out. Prevalence of methamphetamine abuse among all patients admitted with CHF was calculated for each of the 6 years of the study (n = 141) and was compared with prevalence of cocaine abuse and alcohol abuse. For patients with two or more admissions during the entire time period, the trajectories of NYHA functional class and EF over time were determined (n = 58). MAC has significantly increased from 1.8 to 5.6 % of total CHF patients admitted (n = 3705). Among patients who stopped using methamphetamine, NYHA functional class significantly improved, while among patients who continued methamphetamine use, NYHA was significantly worsened (p < 0.001). Significantly more patients with improved EF stopped using methamphetamine than continued (p = 0.05). There was a significant increase in the prevalence of MAC during the study period for all CHF patients admitted in our hospital system. Continued methamphetamine use is associated with worsening functional status, while cessation of methamphetamine is associated with improvement in functional status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methamphetamine-Associated Congestive Heart Failure: Increasing Prevalence and Relationship of Clinical Outcomes to Continued Use or Abstinence

2015

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“…This is because in recent years, there has been a sharp increase in the production and use of ATS in the world [3]. Over the past three decades, ATS dependence has become the mainstream culture in many countries [4]. Young adults in particular seem to possess a dramatic sense of safety about ATS believing rather largely that the drugs are safe and benign [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amphetamine Type Stimulants Use in the Adult Population of Tehran: Implications for Long Term Rehabilitation

Rafiey

Ghaderi

Morovat

et al. 2017

IRJ

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Objectives: Dependence on Amphetamine-Type Stimulants (ATS) is a current health concern in Iran. The present study aimed to investigate the most needed treatment and rehabilitation services that a group of ATS-dependent patients in Tehran reported. Methods:The current study is part of the first cross-sectional survey of the prevalence of ATS dependence in Tehran. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. Overall, 6027 men and women in the general adult population of Tehran were interviewed. Overall, 261 participants were ATS-dependent. Of them, 35 participants were interviewed in this qualitative study. Atlas-ti software was used for qualitative data analysis in compliance with the Grounded Theory of Strauss and Corbin. Results:The mean age of the participants was 32 (SD=11) years (age range: 18-60 years). The mean year of the schooling was 8 (SD=9). The content analysis of interviews showed a series of needs including rehabilitation not only treatment, brief psychosocial treatments, family education and engagement in treatment and rehabilitation as well as after treatment services such as case management to help them to re-integrate into society respectively. Discussion:The study results indicated that ATS dependence demands a combination of treatment and rehabilitation services. This concern demands long-term planning, designing and training, which should be considered by health service providers. Further studies are needed to determine which treatment or rehabilitation programme may work best for this group of drug-dependent people.

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“…Growing popularity of amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) among young people in the region may introduce injecting at younger ages (EHRN, 2009). Some studies have also found links between ATS and increased sexual risktaking as well as an independent association with HIV acquisition, although the causal pathway remains unclear (Degenhardt, et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injecting behaviour and service use among young injectors in Albania, Moldova, Romania and Serbia

Busza

Douthwaite

Bani

et al. 2013

International Journal of Drug Policy

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Background: This study examines socio-demographic profiles, injecting risk, and use of health services among young injectors (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24) in Albania, Moldova, Romania, and Serbia. The objective was to provide age-disaggregated data to identify differences between adolescents (<18) and youth (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24), and help fill the gap in knowledge on the youngest injectors in this region. Methods: Cross sectional surveys were conducted in each country using chain-referral sampling to reach diverse networks of people who use drugs (PWID). In Albania and Romania, surveys were conducted in the capitals, respectively Bucharest and Tirana. Respondents were recruited from 3 cities in Moldova (Chisinau, Balti and Tiraspol) and Serbia (Belgrade, Novi Sad and Nis). Data were collected on risk behaviours, service use, and contact with police and other authorities. Analysis focused on associations between unsafe injecting behaviour and key determinants including demographic background, source of needles/syringes, use of harm reduction services, and interactions with law enforcement. Results: Although drug use and health-seeking varied across settings, sources of injecting equipment were significantly associated with sharing needles and syringes in Moldova, Romania and Serbia. Obtaining equipment from formal sources (pharmacies, needle-exchange programmes) reduced likelihood of sharing significantly, while being stopped by the police or incarcerated increased it. Adolescents relied on pharmacies more than public sector services to obtain equipment. Conclusion: Adolescents comprise a small proportion of PWID in this region, but have poorer access to harm reduction services than older peers. Engaging young PWID through private and public sector outlets might reduce unsafe practices, while use of the justice system to address drug use complicates efforts to reach this population.

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Meth/amphetamine use and associated HIV: Implications for global policy and public health

Cited by 150 publications

References 84 publications

Methamphetamine-Associated Congestive Heart Failure: Increasing Prevalence and Relationship of Clinical Outcomes to Continued Use or Abstinence

Methamphetamine-Associated Congestive Heart Failure: Increasing Prevalence and Relationship of Clinical Outcomes to Continued Use or Abstinence

Amphetamine Type Stimulants Use in the Adult Population of Tehran: Implications for Long Term Rehabilitation

Injecting behaviour and service use among young injectors in Albania, Moldova, Romania and Serbia

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