Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Gnesin, Filip; Thuesen, Anne Cathrine Baun; Kähler, Lise Katrine Aronsen; Madsbad, Sten; Hemmingsen, Bianca

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012906.pub2

Cited by 32 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…Metformin (1,1-dimethyl biguanide hydrochloride) (MF), an orally administered biguanide, is a first-line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It reduces the adipose tissue mass and increases the tissue sensitivity to insulin, thereby reducing hyperglycemia, normalizing carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and preventing inflammation and oxidative stress in the tissues [ 1 , 2 ]. MF is also used to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [ 3 ], coronary artery disease [ 4 , 5 ], acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease [ 6 ], in patients with T2DM, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity, and in patients without apparent symptoms of metabolic disorders [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement Effect of Metformin on Female and Male Reproduction in Endocrine Pathologies and Its Mechanisms

2021

Pharmaceuticals

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Metformin (MF), a first-line drug to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), alone and in combination with other drugs, restores the ovarian function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and improves fetal development, pregnancy outcomes and offspring health in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and T2DM. MF treatment is demonstrated to improve the efficiency of in vitro fertilization and is considered a supplementary drug in assisted reproductive technologies. MF administration shows positive effect on steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis in men with metabolic disorders, thus MF treatment indicates prospective use for improvement of male reproductive functions and fertility. MF lacks teratogenic effects and has positive health effect in newborns. The review is focused on use of MF therapy for restoration of female and male reproductive functions and improvement of pregnancy outcomes in metabolic and endocrine disorders. The mechanisms of MF action are discussed, including normalization of metabolic and hormonal status in PCOS, GDM, T2DM and metabolic syndrome and restoration of functional activity and hormonal regulation of the gonadal axis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement Effect of Metformin on Female and Male Reproduction in Endocrine Pathologies and Its Mechanisms

2021

Pharmaceuticals

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“…Other aspects of the design have been criticised (4) and in addition, recent meta-analysis could not replicate the cardiovascular benefit of metformin reported in UKPDS, although other included trials were smaller with shorter follow up (5,6). A recent Cochrane Library systematic review concluded that there was no clear evidence whether, compared with no intervention, behaviour changing interventions, or other glucose-lowering drugs, metformin monotherapy influences patient-important outcomes (7). Metformin is generally well-tolerated although up to a third of patients are unable to tolerate gastro-intestinal side-effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metformin: still the sweet spot for CV protection in diabetes?

Rena

Mordi

Lang

2020

Current Opinion in Pharmacology

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“…Metformin, the most prescribed biguanide in the present study, is effective, inexpensive and might reduce the risk of cardiovascular events and death; however, evidence has not been fully established regarding the effects of metformin on patient‐important outcomes 27 . Ideally, head‐to‐head large‐scale, long‐term randomized controlled trials should be carried out to clarify which medication is efficacious for glycemic control and to prevent complications, especially among East Asian populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Retrospective nationwide study on the trends in first‐line antidiabetic medication for patients with type 2 diabetes in Japan

Bouchi

Sugiyama

Goto

et al. 2021

J of Diabetes Invest

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Aims/Introduction To investigate the national trend in the prescription of first‐line non‐insulin antidiabetic agents and total medical costs (TMCs) after prescribing the drug in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods Using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Check‐ups of Japan covering almost the entire Japanese population, we calculated the proportion of each antidiabetic drug from 2014 to 2017, and determined the factors associated with drug selection. The TMCs in the first year after starting the drugs were calculated, and factors associated with the costs were also determined. Results Among 1,136,723 new users of antidiabetic agents, dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors were the most prescribed (65.1%), followed by biguanides (15.9%) and sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (7.6%). Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor and biguanide use increased during 2014–2017 (2.2%–11.4% and 13.7%–17.2%, respectively), whereas the others decreased. Biguanides were not prescribed at all in 38.2% of non‐Japan Diabetes Society‐certified facilities. The TMCs were the lowest among those who started with biguanides. Fiscal year, age, sex, facility, number of beds and comorbidities were associated with drug choice and TMCs. There were wide regional variations in the drug choice, but not in the TMCs. Conclusions Unlike in the USA and Europe, dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor is the most prescribed first‐line medication for type 2 diabetes patients in Japan, while there is a wide variation in the drug choice by facility‐type and prefecture.

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Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the effects of metformin monotherapy in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Cited by 32 publications

References 151 publications

Improvement Effect of Metformin on Female and Male Reproduction in Endocrine Pathologies and Its Mechanisms

Improvement Effect of Metformin on Female and Male Reproduction in Endocrine Pathologies and Its Mechanisms

Metformin: still the sweet spot for CV protection in diabetes?

Retrospective nationwide study on the trends in first‐line antidiabetic medication for patients with type 2 diabetes in Japan

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