Meteorological Factors Influencing the Radioactive Deposition in Finland after the Chernobyl Accident

Deposition of gamma emitters from Chernobyl accident and their transfer in lichen–soil columns

“…This indicates that the volatile nuclides were mainly deposited by wet deposition processes (rainout and washout). This is confirmed by the simultaneous weather radar observations and measurements of the external radiation at the end of April 1986 (Puhakka et al, 1990). On the other hand, a significant fraction of the refractory nuclides like 95 Zr was dry-deposited during 27 April 1986 when the air mass that was located in the Chernobyl area at the time of the reactor explosion moved from the southwestern Finnish coast northeastwards across Finland.…”

Aerosol Science and Technology: History and Reviews

“…The rain was considerably heavy in western areas of Finland (2.5-10 mm Turku-Tampere region) (Koivukoski, 1986;Savolainen et al, 1986). The rain brought the activity to the ground, causing notable increases in the external dose rate; in Uusikaupunki on the west coast of Finland, the dose rate increased from 0.2 to 4 µSv/h (Puhakka et al, 1990). In eastern parts of Finland, the advancing air met a cold northerly airstream resulting in icy rainfall and thunderstorms.…”

Formation of a large scale spot-like structure of the total deposition due to a powerful elevated finite source

“…"damp" aerosol scavenging with atmospheric precipitation ("washout") (see e.g. Clark and Smith, 1988;Puhakka, 1990). However precipitation was not observed when the southern radioactive trace was forming on the territory of Ukraine (Sedunov, 1989, Fig.…”