Meteorological effects of the 20 March 2015 solar eclipse over the United Kingdom

Hanna, Edward

doi:10.1002/wea.2820

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Remember that in clear skies, the changes in ambient variables during a TSE are dominated mainly by rapid solar attenuation without marked interference from other forcing mechanism, this investigation shows that the study of effects of cloudiness on environmental parameters in presence of a total, partial, or annular eclipse of the Sun continues, we hope, to be a matter of interest for eclipse meteorology as demonstrated recently by Burt () with the partial solar eclipse of 20 March 2015 over southern England. This was also shown by Hanna et al () and Hanna () for a greater range of meteorological stations across England for that eclipse. In this context, the absence of both solar radiation measurements and cloud direct visual observations was not an impediment that allowed us to derive, using recorded information from other sources, an empirical model for global solar radiation at Tianhuangping during the morning of 22 July 2009, while a TSE was in progress with partly cloudy skies.…”

Section: Conclusion and Final Commentssupporting

confidence: 78%

Cloudiness and Solar Radiation During the Longest Total Solar Eclipse of the 21st Century at Tianhuangping (Zhejiang), China

Peñaloza-Murillo

Pasachoff

2018

JGR Atmospheres

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The lack of comprehensive solar radiation monitoring during the longest total solar eclipse of the 21st century at Tianhuangping (Zhejiang), China, on 22 July 2009, has led to this investigation in order to evaluate the cloudiness contribution in estimating the impact on global solar radiation throughout this phenomenon. In doing so, we applied a cloud cover empirical model to obtain the global solar radiation and, at the same time, we deduced a theoretical model to get the direct solar radiation in which both the occultation and obscuration functions of this eclipse are included. We took limb darkening and atmospheric transmission into account. Though the weather during our eclipse observations agreed with the forecasts for that day, clouds and some rain, we were nonetheless able to observe all phases of the eclipse from our observation site at Tianhuangping. This experience suggests that for coming eclipses a record of the in situ observation protocol of cloudiness is mandatory. Our results for comparing global solar radiation models indicate that our total solar eclipse radiation model is quite acceptable and representative of that which could have happened at that time.Plain Language Summary A total solar eclipse is a situation where the Sun is obscured by the Moon viewed from Earth. In this particular arrangement in space a shadow is cast over a particular region. Thus, the ideal circumstances to observe a total solar eclipse are those in which the sky is cloudless in that region or zone. Yet from time to time this phenomenon occurs in the presence of interfering clouds preventing a direct observation of the event. However, under these adverse circumstances effects over the environment can still be felt and measured as, for example, the rapid reduction of solar energy reaching the surface. In that case such measurements would be lacking, but with some information about cloudiness one can have an idea of how the variation of this energy during the eclipse took place. In the procedure a quantitative knowledge of how the Moon disk is going to progressively cut the Sun's brightness during the eclipse is necessary. From an environmental point of view it is shown that a scientific observation of a total solar eclipse matters even though it was made under the influence of blocking clouds.

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Section: Conclusion and Final Commentssupporting

confidence: 78%

Cloudiness and Solar Radiation During the Longest Total Solar Eclipse of the 21st Century at Tianhuangping (Zhejiang), China

Peñaloza-Murillo

Pasachoff

2018

JGR Atmospheres

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“…Temperature, solar irradiance, relative humidity, and wind are among the most common meteorological parameters, and the surface/atmospheric ozone (O3) is the most photochemical parameter explored by previous studies of solar eclipses (Anderson, 1999;Szalowski, 2002;Founda et al, 2007;Nymphas et al, 2009;Naja and Lal, 1997;Abram et al, 2000;Tzanis et al, 2008;Nishanth et al, 2011;Girach et al, 2012;Ratnam et al, 2010 and references therein). The surface temperature received broad attention historically, and a noticeable drop in the temperature was well reported in the literature (Hanna, 2000;Aplin et al, 2016;Ratnam et al, 2010;Eugster et al, 2017;Hanna, 2018). However, the time response and magnitude of the reduction were quite varied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Impact of 21 June 2020 Annular Solar Eclipse on Meteorological Parameters, O3 and CO at a High Mountain Site in Taiwan

Babu

Pani

Ou-Yang

et al. 2022

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The annular solar eclipse observed on 21 June 2020 over Taiwan provided a rare opportunity to follow the responses of various meteorological parameters and trace gases to the solar eclipse. For the first time, the impact of the solar eclipse on solar radiation, air temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), atmospheric pressure (P), wind speed (WS), and trace gases (ozone and carbon monoxide) is delineated at the Lulin Atmospheric Background Station (LABS; 23.47°N, 120.87°E; 2,862 m MSL) in Taiwan. Over the Taiwan region, the solar eclipse began at 14:49 local time (LT; UTC+8), reached maximum obscuration at 16:13 LT, and finished at 17:24 LT. Compared to the control period (average of 13-20 June 2020), the weather parameters and trace gases show pronounced changes on the day of the eclipse (21 June 2020). A significant decrease in UV-B and solar irradiance at LABS was observed during the peak phase of the solar eclipse due to the occultation of the Sun by the Moon. On the eclipse day, the T decreased significantly (~4°C) after 17 minutes of maximum solar darkening. Due to the cloudiness and low temperatures on the day of the eclipse, 100% RH was apparent during the period of the eclipse at LABS. We also noticed a steady decline in WS just after the onset of the eclipse at LABS. Interestingly, a marked decline in ozone and carbon monoxide was seen during the eclipse day at LABS. Ozone was reduced by about 10 ppb (40%), with a delay of about 2 hours from the peak phase of the eclipse. Overall, our results show the impact of the solar eclipse on high altitude measurements for the first time, and further this work provides a useful new contribution to the literature examining solar eclipseinduced atmospheric changes.

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“…It is worth noting that the United Kingdom will gradually curtail electricity production at coal-fired power plants, and by 2025 plans to close all plants of this type to reduce CO 2 emissions (Brown, 2017). In March 2017, the country set a record for solar energy production (15% of total production), indicating the country's orientation towards energy ecologization (Hanna, 2017).…”

Section: Clustering Of the Ten Countries Of Europe According To Intermentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends of International Energy Security Risk Index in European Countries

Chernyak

Kharlamova

Stavytskyy

2018

Baltic Journal of European Studies

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The paper deals with the analysis and forecasting of energy security risk index for eleven European countries (the United Kingdom, Denmark, Norway, France, Germany, Poland, Spain, Italy, Norway, the Netherlands, and Ukraine for the period 1992-2016). Nowadays, energy security plays an important role in guaranteeing the national, political and economic security of the country. A literature review of different approaches to defining energy security gave the possibility to consider the regression model of energy security risk index assessment, which takes into account the levels of economic, technical and technological, ecological, social and resource components. This step was proceeded with clusterization of the analysed countries in three groups according to Energy Security Risk Index. Based on this approach resource-mining countries (Denmark, Germany, Norway and the UK) were grouped in Cluster I, while Ukraine occupied the last Cluster III. The next division in five clusters supported the indicated allocation. Finally, we calculated the forecasts of energy security risk index based on data of 1992-2014. It allowed realizing the perspectives of energy market for the nearest future, particularly for Ukraine, which needs development of a new strategy of energy security

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Meteorological effects of the 20 March 2015 solar eclipse over the United Kingdom

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Cloudiness and Solar Radiation During the Longest Total Solar Eclipse of the 21st Century at Tianhuangping (Zhejiang), China

Cloudiness and Solar Radiation During the Longest Total Solar Eclipse of the 21st Century at Tianhuangping (Zhejiang), China

Impact of 21 June 2020 Annular Solar Eclipse on Meteorological Parameters, O3 and CO at a High Mountain Site in Taiwan

Trends of International Energy Security Risk Index in European Countries

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