Meteorological characteristics of the Po Valley fog

Wobrock, W.; Schell, D.; Maser, R.; KESSEL, M.; Jaeschke, W.; Fuzzi, S.; Facchini, M. C.; Orsi, G.; MARZORATI, A.; Winkler, P.; Arends, B. G.; Bendix, J.

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0889.1992.t01-4-00003.x

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…wind speed below 2 m s −1 ), and almost complete scavenging of particles above 700 nm. In agreement with previous observations in the Po Valley, we classified these events as radiation fog (Noone et al, 1992;Wobrock et al, 1992;Whiteaker et al, 2002). Thus, changes in aerosol concentration should be attributed mainly to nucleation scavenging.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Fog scavenging of organic and inorganic aerosol in the Po Valley

Gilardoni¹,

Massoli²,

Giulianelli³

et al. 2014

Preprint

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Abstract. The interaction of aerosol with atmospheric water affects the processing and wet removal of atmospheric particles. Understanding such interaction is mandatory to improve model description of aerosol lifetime and ageing. We analyzed the aerosol-water interaction at high relative humidity during fog events in the Po Valley, in the framework of the ARPA-ER Supersite project. For the first time in this area, the changes in particle chemical composition caused by fog are discussed along with changes in particle microphysics. During the experiment, 14 fog events were observed. The average mass scavenging efficiency was 70% for nitrate, 68% for ammonium, 61% for sulfate, 50% for organics, and 39% for black carbon. After fog formation, the interstitial aerosol was dominated by particles smaller than 200 nm Dva (vacuum aerodynamic diameter) and enriched in carbonaceous aerosol, mainly black carbon and water insoluble organic aerosol (WIOA). For each fog event, the size segregated scavenging efficiency of nitrate and organic aerosol (OA) was calculated by comparing chemical species size distribution before and after fog formation. For both nitrate and OA, the size segregated scavenging efficiency followed a sigmoidal curve, with values close to zero below 100 nm Dva and close to 1 above 700 nm Dva. OA was able to affect scavenging efficiency of nitrate in particles smaller than 300 nm Dva. A linear correlation between nitrate scavenging and particle hygroscopicity (κ) was observed, indicating that 44–51% of the variability of nitrate scavenging in smaller particles (below 300 nm Dva) was explained by changes in particle chemical composition. The size segregated scavenging curves of OA followed those of nitrate, suggesting that organic scavenging was controlled by mixing with water-soluble species. In particular, functional group composition and OA elemental analysis indicated that more oxidized OA was scavenged more efficiently than less oxidized OA. Nevertheless, the small variability of organic functional group composition during the experiment did not allow us to discriminate the effect of different organic functionalities on OA scavenging.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Fog scavenging of organic and inorganic aerosol in the Po Valley

Gilardoni¹,

Massoli²,

Giulianelli³

et al. 2014

Preprint

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“…The Po and the Danube valley, the upper Rhine area and the Swiss plateau show higher values than their adjacent mountainous areas (Alps, Vosges, Black Forest). These findings are confirmed by regional investigations of Scherrer and Appenzeller () for the Swiss plateau and by Fuzzi et al () and Wobrock et al () as well as Bendix () for the Po valley; the latter also emphasize the topographical dependence of FLS layers.…”

Section: Fls Climatologysupporting

confidence: 78%

A 10 year fog and low stratus climatology for Europe based on Meteosat Second Generation data

Egli

Thies

Drönner

et al. 2016

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Due to the significant impact of fog and low stratus (FLS) on economy, ecology and traffic systems, there is a growing demand for high-resolution information on FLS occurrence. In this study, a baseline climatology of FLS h day −1 based on data recorded from 2006-2015 by the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager system (SEVIRI) aboard the Meteosat Second Generation satellites is computed for Europe to provide the requested information. It is the first 10 year, spatially explicit climatology for FLS based on data with a temporal resolution of 15 min. The dataset is validated against Meteorological Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METAR) and shows good accordance with an average Heidke Skill Score of 0.45. Temporal and spatial variations in FLS frequency as well as interannual trends are analyzed. Winter shows the highest FLS occurrence, but a general decrease over the investigated period. Spring, summer and autumn show less pronounced trends and lower average FLS frequencies. Possible reasons for these distributions are discussed.

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“…4). A large majority of these events were associated with anticyclonic large-scale weather conditions (Tables 3 and 4), typical of both radiation and stratus-lowering fog scenarios (e.g., Meyer and Lala 1990;Wobrock et al 1992), each type representing about 40% of all fog events. The more marginal fog types, corresponding to two advection fog events, a morning transition fog, and one precipitation fog event, occurred during short-lived anticyclonic or perturbed weather conditions.…”

Section: Parisfog: Over 100 Fog and Near-fog Situationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parisfog

Haeffelin¹,

Bergot²,

Elías³

et al. 2010

Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.

139

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, T. bergoT, T. elias, r. Tardif, d. Carrer, P. CHazeTTe, M. ColoMb, P. drobinski, e. duPonT, J.-C. duPonT, l. goMes, l. Musson-genon, C. PieTras, a. Plana-faTTori, a. ProTaT, J. rangognio, J.-C. rauT, s. réMy, d. riCHard, J. sCiare, and X. zHang A field experiment covering more than 100 fog and near-fog situations during the winter of 2006-07 investigated the dynamical, microphysical, and radiative processes that drive the life cycle of fog.

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Meteorological characteristics of the Po Valley fog

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Fog scavenging of organic and inorganic aerosol in the Po Valley

Fog scavenging of organic and inorganic aerosol in the Po Valley

A 10 year fog and low stratus climatology for Europe based on Meteosat Second Generation data

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