Meteorite falls in Africa

Khiri, Fouad; Ibhi, Abderrahmane; Saint-Gerant, Thierry; Medjkane, Mohand; Ouknine, Lahcen

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2017.07.022

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In particular, nowadays Morocco is one of the main exporters of meteorites in the world (Khiri et al . ). Most meteors burn only for a few seconds, and that brief period of heating makes meteorites unique and fascinating.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Handheld Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Instrumentation Applied to the Rapid Discrimination between Iron Meteorites and Meteor‐Wrongs

Senesi

Manzari

Tempesta

et al. 2018

Geostandard Geoanalytic Res

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Meteorites are rocks that once were part of planets or large asteroids, and usually contain a great amount of extra‐terrestrial iron. Nowadays, the meteorite business is booming and the demand is increasing all over the world, whereas supply (originating especially from Morocco and Algeria) is limited. Thus, specimens presented as meteorites often turn out to be common Earth rocks or old smelter and castoff iron dubbed as a ‘meteor‐wrong’. In the present study, a compact handheld instrument based on fast‐response multi‐elemental analysis technique, i.e., laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), has been used to identify specific major elements (Ni and Co) and trace elements (Ga and Ir), in order to discriminate a certified iron meteorite with respect to a suspected meteorite fragment and a pig iron product. Furthermore, a calibration freeLIBS method has been used to quantify the main elements Fe, Ni and Co in the iron meteorite and Fe, Mn, Si and Ti in the other two fragments.

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confidence: 97%

Handheld Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Instrumentation Applied to the Rapid Discrimination between Iron Meteorites and Meteor‐Wrongs

Senesi

Manzari

Tempesta

et al. 2018

Geostandard Geoanalytic Res

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“…In fact, the exceptional number of northwest Africa finds actually skews Africa's ratio to only 4% falls. 1 Benenitra represents both Madagascar's second fall and second meteorite -the first being Maromandia on the northern coast on 5 July 2002 (Figure 1). 24 Whilst the single observer of the Maromandia fall reported seeing two stones with a combined mass of ~6 kg fall, no fireball or acoustic effects were reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the widespread availability of both static and mobile digital camera equipment for surveillance and social media purposes in the past two decades has substantially increased the documentation of meteor fireball events and the consequent chances of retrieval of debris (stones), meteorite falls still constitute fewer than 5% of recovered meteorites. 1,2 In addition, the chances of recovering stones from a fall in remote areas away from surveillance technology remain exceedingly low. In this article, we document a meteorite fall that fortuitously deposited stones with characteristic fused crusts in and around Benenitra in the Atsimo-Andrefana District of the Toliara Province of southwestern Madagascar (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of the 27 July 2018 bolide and meteorite fall over Benenitra, southwestern Madagascar

et al. 2021

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Several dozen stones of an ordinary chondrite meteorite fell in and around the town of Benenitra in southwestern Madagascar during the early evening of 27 July 2018, minutes after a widely observed meteor fireball (bolide) transit and detonation. The event was confirmed by low-frequency infrasound recordings received at ~17h15 UTC (Coordinated Universal Time; 19h15 local time) at the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) infrasound station I33MG near Antananarivo, 542 km northnortheast of Benenitra. An energy release equivalent to 2.038 kt of TNT was calculated from the infrasound signals. Seismograph readings at the SKRH station 77 km north-northwest of Benenitra recorded a twostage signal consistent with the arrivals of an initial air-coupled ground wave at 16h48:08 UTC and a stronger pulse at 16h49:22 UTC linked directly to the atmospheric pressure wave. The infrasound and seismic signal arrival times suggest that the bolide entry and detonation occurred at approximately 18h46 local time (16h46 UTC), entry was from the northwest, and the detonation hypocentre was located within ~20 km of Benenitra. Despite meteorite debris being found among buildings within Benenitra, there was no damage to structures or injuries reported. Eyewitness accounts and photographic records indicate that approximately 75 mostly intact stones were collected; however, the remoteness of the area, the rugged nature of the terrain and sales of fragments to meteorite collectors have limited scientific analysis of the fall and the extent of the strewn field. The total mass of recovered stones is estimated at between 20 kg and 30 kg, with one fragment of 11.2 kg and several of ~1 kg. Petrographic and mineral chemical analyses indicate that the stones belong to the L6 class of ordinary chondrites. Cosmogenic radionuclide analysis confirms that the fall is linked to the bolide event. The name Benenitra has been officially accepted by the Meteoritical Bulletin Database.

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“…The African continent covers 20.3% of the land area of then Earth this is 6% of the total surface of the planet. The continent has an area of 30,415,873 km 2 ( 12 ), and Africans represent 16% of the world population.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Financial costs of pediatric cancer management in Africa: systematic review

Mjumbe,

Kulimba,

Numbi

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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The high costs of cancer treatment and the lack of investment in health care are significant barriers to public health on the African continent. The objective of this study was to investigate the financial cost of children cancer treating in sub-Saharan Africa. We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies between March 2000 and December 2022. We selected articles that specifically addressed the US dollar financial costs of childhood cancer in African countries. Medians and interquartile ranges (IQR) were calculated. We also calculated the economic burden of childhood cancer at the individual level, by dividing the direct costs of cancer per patient by the GDP per capita, PPP of the country studied. The quality of economic studies was assessed using the CHEERS (2022) 28-point checklist. A total of 17 studies met our eligibility criteria. The median (IQR) of total childhood cancer costs by region was $909.5 ($455.3–$1,765) and ranged from $88803.10 for neuroblastoma to $163.80 for lymphoma. No significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed for comparisons of the direct cost of childhood cancer between the geopolitical zone of sub-Saharan Africa. Differences in the direct costs of childhood cancer were significant for different cancer types (p < 0.05). In the majority of 17 out of 54 countries on Africa the continent, the economic burden of childhood cancer exceeds 80% of GDP per capita, PPP, up to 345.38% of Nigeria’s GDP for Rhabdomyosarcoma. The cost of treating childhood cancers is high in Africa is catastrophic, if not downright prohibitive for households in Sub-Saharan Africa. We believe that the data from our study will be able to help make different objective advocacy allowing it to be provided with funds based of the evidence that can strengthen this program in order to install cancerology structures in the countries and by following the system plan. Cost reduction in the treatment of childhood cancer in particular and in general all types of cancer.Systematic review registrationApproval of the study was given by the ethics committee of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lubumbashi (UNILU/CEM/135/2018) and (UNILU/CEM/096/2019).

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Meteorite falls in Africa

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Handheld Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Instrumentation Applied to the Rapid Discrimination between Iron Meteorites and Meteor‐Wrongs

Handheld Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Instrumentation Applied to the Rapid Discrimination between Iron Meteorites and Meteor‐Wrongs

An investigation of the 27 July 2018 bolide and meteorite fall over Benenitra, southwestern Madagascar

Financial costs of pediatric cancer management in Africa: systematic review

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