Metasurface-driven OLED displays beyond 10,000 pixels per inch

Abstract

Optical metasurfaces are starting to find their way into integrated devices, where they can enhance and control the emission, modulation, dynamic shaping, and detection of light waves. In this study, we show that the architecture of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays can be completely reenvisioned through the introduction of nanopatterned metasurface mirrors. In the resulting meta-OLED displays, different metasurface patterns define red, green, and blue pixels and ensure optimized extraction of these colors from organic, white light emitters. This new architecture facilitates the creation of devices at the ultrahigh pixel densities (>10,000 pixels per inch) required in emerging display applications (for instance, augmented reality) that use scalable nanoimprint lithography. The fabricated pixels also offer twice the luminescence efficiency and superior color purity relative to standard color-filtered white OLEDs.

Dynamic Structural Colors Based on All‐Dielectric Mie Resonators

“…demonstrated that a metasurface mirror can be integrated into the OLED microcavity structure to enhance the OLED configuration. [ 153 ] Therefore, the combination of OLED technology with wide‐range dynamic structural colors—which substitutes the conventional RGB pixels with a single pixel and dynamically covers the entire visible range—has the potential to further improve display performances in terms of saturation, resolution, efficiency, and stability.…”

Prospects and challenges of mini‐LED, OLED, and micro‐LED displays

“…The power saving (unit: %) between red, green, and blue (RGB) micro-light-emitting diode (μLED) displays with different chip sizes and uniform chip size than 10,000 PPI has been proposed, 159 the spatially distributed metasurfaces with different reflection phase is designed in the microcavity to tune the cavity resonances in RGB subpixels. In parallel, μLED microdisplays with PPI > 5000 have also been developed.…”

Artificial Structural Colors and Applications

“…Metal nanostructures in various morphologies, such as nanohole arrays, 130,131 and nanopixels based on metallic films, 129,132 have been widely investigated. The principles of metallic nanoantenna, 41,50,133,134 metallic GMR grating, 135 and disordered plasmonic systems 67 are widely investigated. H. F. Ghaemi et al 136 demonstrated the extraordinary optical transmissions through periodic subwavelength hole arrays in optically thick metallic films.…”