Metastatic tumours of bone

Freeman, Alexandra K.; Sumathi, Vaiyapuri P.; Jeys, Lee

doi:10.1016/j.mpsur.2017.10.002

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In selected patients with good performance status and in whom disease-related prognosis is favourable; surgery should remain an option particularly if the anticipated gain in quality of life is considered significant [12,14]. In the metastatic setting, surgery is predominantly indicated for the treatment or prevention of pathological fractures, or neurological deficit (or risk of) secondary to spinal cord compromise [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Areas for Improvement in the Management of Bone Metastases in Patients with Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Lim¹,

Raja²,

D'Arienzo³

et al. 2019

Neuroendocrinology

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Background: There is no global consensus on the optimal management of bone metastases (BMs) in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). Objectives: To review current management and outcomes of patients with BMs in NENs, in order to identify areas for improvement. Methods: A retrospective study of all patients with NENs, except Grade 3 lung NENs (April 2002 to March 2018) was conducted. Baseline characteristics, nature of BMs, treatment received and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 23.0/STATA v12. Results: Of 1,212 patients, 85 (7%) had BMs; median age 58 years. The majority had a gastro-entero-pancreatic primary (49%, n = 42) followed by lung (25%, n = 21), unknown primary (20%, n = 17), and "others" (6%, n = 5). Two-thirds (n = 57) had G1-2 neuroendocrine tumours, and 41% (n = 35) had functional tumours. Overall, 28% (n = 24) presented with synchronous BMs at first NEN diagnosis, and 55% (n = 47) developed BMs at the same time as other distant metastases. For the subpopulation of patients in whom BMs developed metachronously to other distant metastases (45%, n = 38), median time to development of BMs was 14.0 months. BMs were "widespread" in 61% (n = 52). Although only 22% (n = 19) reported symptoms at initial diagnosis of BMs, most (78%) developed symptoms at some time during the follow-up period (pain/hypercalcaemia 64%, skeletal-related events 20%). BMs were mainly managed with analgesia (44%, n = 37). Radiotherapy and bisphosphonates were used in 34% (n = 29) and 22% (n = 19) respectively. Surgery was rarely performed (2%, n = 2). Median OS from identification of BMs was 31.0, and 18.9 months from development of BMs-related symptoms. Conclusions: In this cohort study, most patients with BMs developed symptoms. The utility of radiotherapy and/or bisphosphonates should be prospectively and systematically explored further for its potential impact on patients' quality of life and survival outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Areas for Improvement in the Management of Bone Metastases in Patients with Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Lim¹,

Raja²,

D'Arienzo³

et al. 2019

Neuroendocrinology

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“…Autopsy studies have shown that 70% of patients with breast and prostate carcinoma develop skeletal metastases. The most commonly involved bone sites are those with persistent red marrow, such as the vertebrae, proximal femur, ribs, sternum, pelvis and skull [27].…”

Section: B Bone Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Under appreciated Role of Lifestyle and Nutrition in Cancer Prevention, Genesis, and Treatment

Gupta

2018

J. Can. Res. Updates

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This article presents a review of the impact of nutrition and lifestyle on the most frequently occurring cancers, including blood, bone, brain, breast, gastric, lung, oral, pancreatic and skin cancers. Heart disease and cancer are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality and the first and second leading causes of death in the United States. Risk of death declined more steeply for heart disease than cancer, offsetting the increase in heart disease deaths, which partially offsets the increase in cancer deaths resulting from demographic changes over the past four decades. Lung cancer is by far the most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide in many countries. The incidence rates of lung, colorectal and prostate cancers will continue to rise in the future decades due to the rise of ageing population. Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy with a poor long-term survival and there has been only slight improvement in outcomes over the past 30 years. Some of the most common contributing factors to various cancers include: genetics, tobacco use, infections, obesity, poor diet, physical inactivity, environmental pollution and hazards, ionizing and ultra-violet radiation (UVR), sunlight, cancer causing substances, chronic inflammation and immunosuppression. This article summarizes recent and tangible cancer control measures which include early detection, weight control, Mediterranean type diet, phytochemicals such as flavonoids, regular physical activity, therapeutic agents, chemotherapy, nano-medicine, medicinal plants and education through mass media awareness.

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“…The femur is one of the most commonly affected bones, and pathological fractures are a common complication of these malignant deposits. 8 There are a number of treatment options depending on the location within the bone, the extent of bone involved and the patients' expected survival. Intramedullary nails are often favoured for intertrochanteric, subtrochanteric and diaphyseal fractures as they protect a long segment of bone, require only small areas of dissection and can provide rigid fixation using proximal and distal interlocking screws.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intramedullary femoral nail fixation for A pathological fracture distal to A resurfacing arthroplasty

MacDonald

Stevenson

2021

Journal of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Rehabilitation

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Traumatic femoral shaft fractures distal to a hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) are rare. Only four cases have been described in which an intramedullary nail was used to treat the fracture. We present the first case in the literature of a pathological femoral shaft fracture distal to a HRA, and describe its treatment with an anterograde intramedullary femoral nail with proximal locking screws placed into the femoral head overlapping the HRA stem. This demonstrates that the presence of a hip resurfacing arthroplasty does not preclude from utilising an intramedullary nail with recon screws to stabilise a pathological fracture.

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Metastatic tumours of bone

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Identification of Areas for Improvement in the Management of Bone Metastases in Patients with Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Identification of Areas for Improvement in the Management of Bone Metastases in Patients with Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

The Under appreciated Role of Lifestyle and Nutrition in Cancer Prevention, Genesis, and Treatment

Intramedullary femoral nail fixation for A pathological fracture distal to A resurfacing arthroplasty

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