Metastatic thymoma to the head and neck

Barat, Michael; Rybak, Leonard P.; J, Dietrich

doi:10.1288/00005537-198804000-00013

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…So far, thymoma lymph node metastases have rarely been subtyped, after the one case described by Salter and Krajewski in 1986 [7], who described a lymphocytic thymoma, probably corresponding to a B2 thymoma metastasis. A further report from Barat et al [12] described 3 cases of metastatic involvement of neck lymph nodes by “malignant thymomas” of epithelial type. However, their description of multiple mitotic figures and of necrosis occurring in EC in lymph nodes might better correspond to TC cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Features and Subtyping of Thymoma Lymph Node Metastases

Sioletic

Lauriola

Gallo³

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim. The purpose of the present study was to characterize the morphological features of thymoma metastases in lymph nodes and to evaluate the possibility of their subtyping according to the 2004 WHO classification of thymus tumors. Materials and Methods. We reviewed 210 thymoma cases in our series of thymic epithelial tumors (TET), including their recurrences and lymphogenous metastases. Three cases of lymph node metastases, one case occurring synchronously with the primary tumor and one synchronously with the first relapse (both in intrathoracic location) and one case of metastasis observed in a laterocervical lymph node subsequently to two thymoma relapses were found. Results. The metastatic nodes were variably but extensively involved in all cases. The histological features were similar in both primary tumors and metastases. Thymoma metastases were subtyped according to the WHO classification as B3 (one case) and B2 (two cases), and distinctive features in comparison to metastatic epithelial neoplasias from other sites were observed. Conclusion. Thymoma lymph node metastases, although rare, can be subtyped according to the WHO classification on the basis of their morphological and immunohistochemical features. Clinically, the presence of nodal metastases may herald subsequent relapses and further metastases even in extrathoracic sites.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Features and Subtyping of Thymoma Lymph Node Metastases

Sioletic

Lauriola

Gallo³

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An unpleasant fact is that about one-half of invasive thymomas are unresectable or metastatic at the time of surgery [lo, 171. Common sites for spread are within the thorax, including pericardial, pleural, and diaphragmatic surfaces; lung parenchyma; and the great vessels [ 10,17,19]. Distant metastasis via lymphatic or hematogenous routes is rare but may occur [17,19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Common sites for spread are within the thorax, including pericardial, pleural, and diaphragmatic surfaces; lung parenchyma; and the great vessels [ 10,17,19]. Distant metastasis via lymphatic or hematogenous routes is rare but may occur [17,19]. Some investigators advocate postoperative radiation for all, even benign thymomas, but most agree that this therapy be limited to invasive neoplasms [ 111.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid and thymic malignancy following childhood irradiation

Jensen

Antonenko

1992

Journal of Surgical Oncology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Synchronous thyroid and thymic malignancy following childhood thymic irradiation has only been reported in two known cases previously, with a third case identified here. A rationale is presented for following these radiated patients as they age with thyroglobulin and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels as a measure of risk of the development of nodular thyroid disease and, if such occurs, for an aggressive surgical approach. There exists a growing population at risk attributable to the success of radiation treatment of Hodgkin's and pediatric head and neck tumors. The question is raised regarding the theoretical benefits of thyroid suppressive therapy in this group at risk. With the instructive case presented, radical surgery for either thymic or thyroid carcinoma and careful monitoring for decades-late local recurrences of thymoma are suggested.

show abstract

“…Thymomas are accompanied by unique paraneoplastic syndromes of immune-associated origin in approximately 75% of the cases [3]. most commonly myasthenia gravis and hematologic abnormalities [4], Tumors which have been called malignant thymomas arc: (1) those in which the thymoma has recurred locally or metastasized, or (2) those in which the epithelial com ponent is malignant (thymic carcinomas).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Metastatic Thymoma Using Flow Cytometry

Gatzimos¹,

Moriarty²,

Pingleton³

et al. 1992

Pathobiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thymomas are cytologically benign epithelial neoplasms of the thymus gland. They compose 10 % of mediastinal tumors, and are most common in the anterosuperior compartment. Seven to 36% of thymomas are malignant, as determined by tissue invasion, yet they metastasize in less than 3% of cases. Distinguishing lymphoma from lymphocyte-predominant thymoma is imprecise due to their histologic similarities. We present a 45-year-old man with intracranial metastatic thymoma. The lesion was interpreted radiographically as meningioma, and as possible lymphoma by frozen section. Flow cytometry proved this neoplasma to be a metastatic thymoma. Sixteen monoclonal antibodies were used to immunophenotype the CD45⁺ component of this tumor. Coexpression of CD4 and CD8 along with CD 1 demonstrated lymphocytes of late cortical thymocyte origin; a second component was cytokeratin positive. This is the first reported case of extrathoracic metastases of thymoma diagnosed using flow cytometry. We propose this method as an invaluable technique to diagnose these histologically difficult neoplasms.

show abstract

Metastatic thymoma to the head and neck

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Diagnostic Features and Subtyping of Thymoma Lymph Node Metastases

Diagnostic Features and Subtyping of Thymoma Lymph Node Metastases

Thyroid and thymic malignancy following childhood irradiation

Diagnosis of Metastatic Thymoma Using Flow Cytometry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About