Metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the small bowel 6 years postnephrectomy

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an unpredictable malignancy, with 25%–30% of patients developing metastatic disease. The most common sites of metastasis are the lung, bones, liver and brain, with small intestine metastasis being minimally reported in the literature. This report describes a case of small bowel obstruction caused by metastatic RCC in a male patient in his 60 s who had previously undergone a radical nephrectomy with adjuvant pembrolizumab therapy 6 years prior. The patient underwent a diagnostic laparoscopy converted to a laparotomy due to the complexity of the case. During surgical exploration, an enterectomy and end-to-end anastomosis were performed. This case emphasises the possibility of RCC metastasising to the small intestine, which may present with small bowel obstruction, while highlighting the importance of patient education for early detection to improve prognosis. Additionally, this report discusses treatment options for managing RCC metastasis to the small intestine.

Small Bowel Perforation Due to Renal Carcinoma Metastasis: A Comprehensive Case Study and Literature Review

“…Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a predominant form of kidney cancer, known for its unpredictable metastatic behavior and its ability to spread to various organs [1]. While the common sites for RCC metastasis include the lungs, bones, and brain, metastatic involvement of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the small intestine, is exceedingly rare [2]. This rarity underscores the importance of documenting such cases to enhance the understanding of RCC's metastatic patterns and their clinical implications.…”