Abstract:African men tend to present late with advanced prostate cancer (CaP) making prognosis grave despite treatment. This study was carried out to document findings in patients with metastatic prostate cancer at presentation. Seventeen (17) patients with metastatic CaP at presentation who had complete data were recruited. Peak age group was between 51 and 70 years of age with the commonest site of metastasis being bone (68.42%) and 2 patients (10.52%) having multiple sites of metastasis. The PSA range was 5.5-140 ng… Show more
“…It is illegal to hunt, consume and trade in pangolins in Nigeria (Endangered Species Act of Nigeria, 1985; 2016 amendment), with the country's signatory to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), prohibiting any international commercial trade of wild‐caught pangolins (through their inclusion in Appendix I). Despite these, pangolins are illegally hunted in parts of the country for commercial and subsistence purposes (Bassey et al, 2010; Fa et al, 2006; Soewu et al, 2020). Nigeria also plays a pivotal hub role in this Africa‐Asia pangolin trafficking, with scales from possibly millions of pangolins trafficked each year from or through the country (Emogor et al, 2021).…”
The overexploitation of biological resources severely threatens many species, requiring urgent and effective conservation interventions. Such interventions sometimes require governance structures that incorporate pluralist perspectives and collaborative decision‐making, especially in complex, multi‐faceted and multi‐scale issues like the illegal trade in pangolins.
We used Q‐methodology to provide evidence to inform interventions for pangolin conservation in south‐east Nigeria. We sampled stakeholder groups associated with pangolin use and protection, including hunters, wild meat traders and Nigeria Customs Service employees, to elicit their opinion and knowledge on the use and perceptions of pangolins and their preferences for interventions to reduce pangolin decline.
We found that the local consumption of pangolin meat as food is the primary driver of poaching in the region. This contradicts popular opinions that pangolins are specifically targeted for international trade, revealing an opportunity for site‐level behaviour change interventions. The different stakeholder groups identified awareness‐raising campaigns, law enforcement, community stewardship programs and ecotourism as preferred interventions, whose effectiveness we attempted to assess using reported case studies.
We observed different perspectives between people associated with pangolin poaching and use (predominantly those living around pangolin habitats, including hunters and wild meat traders) and those working to protect them (such as conservation organisations and Nigeria Customs Service employees). For example, the first group supported community stewardship programs, while the latter preferred awareness‐raising and law enforcement efforts. This divergence in perspectives underpins the need for a combination of targeted interventions at the site level to engage different stakeholders while highlighting the potential challenges to collaborative decision‐making for species threatened by illegal wildlife trade.
Policy implications. Our results stress the importance of targeted and context‐specific conservation interventions.
Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
“…It is illegal to hunt, consume and trade in pangolins in Nigeria (Endangered Species Act of Nigeria, 1985; 2016 amendment), with the country's signatory to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), prohibiting any international commercial trade of wild‐caught pangolins (through their inclusion in Appendix I). Despite these, pangolins are illegally hunted in parts of the country for commercial and subsistence purposes (Bassey et al, 2010; Fa et al, 2006; Soewu et al, 2020). Nigeria also plays a pivotal hub role in this Africa‐Asia pangolin trafficking, with scales from possibly millions of pangolins trafficked each year from or through the country (Emogor et al, 2021).…”
The overexploitation of biological resources severely threatens many species, requiring urgent and effective conservation interventions. Such interventions sometimes require governance structures that incorporate pluralist perspectives and collaborative decision‐making, especially in complex, multi‐faceted and multi‐scale issues like the illegal trade in pangolins.
We used Q‐methodology to provide evidence to inform interventions for pangolin conservation in south‐east Nigeria. We sampled stakeholder groups associated with pangolin use and protection, including hunters, wild meat traders and Nigeria Customs Service employees, to elicit their opinion and knowledge on the use and perceptions of pangolins and their preferences for interventions to reduce pangolin decline.
We found that the local consumption of pangolin meat as food is the primary driver of poaching in the region. This contradicts popular opinions that pangolins are specifically targeted for international trade, revealing an opportunity for site‐level behaviour change interventions. The different stakeholder groups identified awareness‐raising campaigns, law enforcement, community stewardship programs and ecotourism as preferred interventions, whose effectiveness we attempted to assess using reported case studies.
We observed different perspectives between people associated with pangolin poaching and use (predominantly those living around pangolin habitats, including hunters and wild meat traders) and those working to protect them (such as conservation organisations and Nigeria Customs Service employees). For example, the first group supported community stewardship programs, while the latter preferred awareness‐raising and law enforcement efforts. This divergence in perspectives underpins the need for a combination of targeted interventions at the site level to engage different stakeholders while highlighting the potential challenges to collaborative decision‐making for species threatened by illegal wildlife trade.
Policy implications. Our results stress the importance of targeted and context‐specific conservation interventions.
Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
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