Metastatic melanoma masquerading as disseminated sporotrichosis

Adnan, Mohammed; Fierro-Fine, Amelia; Zhao, Lichao; Khalil, Mohammad O.

doi:10.12788/jcso.0074

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…A total of 48 publications related to sporotrichosis were found in North America [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]. There were 1460 patients in total associated with infection caused by species of the genus Sporothrix .…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In North Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the previous classification, it was found that in Canada, only two case reports were found, one from Ontario and the other from Toronto [ 5 , 6 ]. In the US, 27 reports containing 1 clinical case were found (81.5% S. schenckii , 18.5% Sporothrix spp., S. schenckii complex, and S. schenckii sensu lato ) [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Of these, seven cases came from California, three from Oklahoma, two cases from Kansas, Texas, Arizona, Minnesota, and Florida, one case from Michigan, Nebraska, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and finally, one case without a specific city or region.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In North Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the US, it was reported that Sporothrix spp. (85.19%) and S. schenckii (14.81%) were responsible for this pathology [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Finally, in Mexico, 85.05% were due to Sporothrix spp., 14.33% S. schenckii , 0.55% S. globosa, and 0.07% S. mexicana [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ].…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In North Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most frequent variety reported was lymphocutaneous with 956 cases, followed by fixed cutaneous with 388 cases, and the disseminated form with 83 [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]. A lymphocutaneous presentation evolved into a disseminated after 10 months.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Sporotrichosis In North Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for the clinical forms of sporotrichosis, various types have been described, such as the lymphocutaneous, fixed cutaneous, and, as mentioned earlier, the disseminated or hematogenous forms where both organs and tissues can be affected [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. The latter is the rarest because the recommended antifungal regimens are usually effective; however, in patients with alterations in cellular immunity, these infections can spread [ 2 , 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of Clinical Sporotrichosis in the Americas in the Last Ten Years

Hernández‐Castro

Pinto‐Almazán

Arenas

et al. 2022

JoF

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Background: Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection caused by species of the Sporothrix genus. Presently, the prevalence of sporotrichosis in the Americas is unknown, so this study aims to analyze the cases reported in the past 10 years. Methods: An advanced search was conducted from 2012 to 2022 in English and Spanish in PUBMED, SciELO, and Cochrane, with the terms: “sporotrichosis”, “lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis”, “fixed sporotrichosis”, “mycosis”, “Sporothrix spp.”, “Sporothrix complex”, “S. schenckii sensu stricto”, “S. schenckii sensu lato”, “S. globose”, “S. brasiliensis”, “S. luriei”. Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection caused by species of the Sporothrix genus associated with “pathogenicity” or “epidemiology”. Results: A total of 124 articles were found in the Americas, corresponding to 12,568 patients. Of these, 87.38% of cases were reported in South America, 11.62% in North America, and 1.00% in Central America and the Caribbean. Brazil, Peru, and Mexico had the highest number of cases. The most prevalent etiological agents were S. schenckii complex/Sporothrix spp. (52.91%), S. schenckii (42.38%), others (4.68%), and Not Determined (ND) (0.03%). The most frequent form of the disease was lymphocutaneous infection; however, the infection type was not determined in 5639 cases. Among the diagnostic methods, culture was the most used. Conclusions: There is a high occurrence of cases reported in the literature. South America is the region with the highest number of reports because of its environment (climate, inhalation of spores, etc.), zoonotic transmission (scratches and sneezes from contaminated animals), and possible traumatic inoculation due to outdoor activities (agriculture, gardening, and related occupations). Molecular diagnosis has not been sufficiently developed due to its high cost.

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