Metastatic Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus: A Case Report

Butler, Melvin L.; Heertum, Ronald L. Van; Teplick, Steven K.

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(19)32332-7

Cited by 17 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Metastatic malignant melanoma of the oesophagus is even rarer. Extensive literature search revealed only 17 reports since 1895 . The first case of metastatic involvement of the oesophagus by melanoma was reported by Spiegelberg in 1895 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastatic malignant melanoma of the oesophagus, first case diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration

et al. 2019

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| 539 AHSAN et Al. literature, all on surgical specimens. In 52% (9/17) cases, the oesophagus was the only site of metastases, similar to our case. With regard to the temporal relationship, half of the cases had metachronous and half had synchronous documentation of metastases. Our patient showed a metastasis 21 years after the resection of primary melanoma.The characteristic endoscopic finding in primary malignant melanoma is the presence of a polypoidal lesion of mucosa, usually pigmented. 18 In 1953, Allen and Spitz established the histological criteria for the diagnosis of metastatic as opposed to primary melanoma.They reported that metastatic deposits are more sharply delimited from normal epithelium, with no progression from the basal layer and are not associated with junctional changes. 19 Sanchez et al., in 2008, also reported that the presence of in situ melanoma, the radial growth phase, melanocytosis, and a mixed epithelioid and spindle cell

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastatic malignant melanoma of the oesophagus, first case diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration

et al. 2019

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“…Metastasis is a complex multistep process in which tumor cells acquire the ability of colonizing distant sites. Although the primary tumor can release millions of cells per day into the circulation (33), only ~0.01% of the cells that enter the circulation have the potential to form secondary tumors, and are called cancer initiating cells (34,35). The cascade of events involved in metastasis includes: (1) the proliferation of transformed (malignant) cells to form a small tumor mass, which can be supported by simple diffusion of nutrients; (2) the induction of its own vascularization (angiogenesis); (3) detachment of tumor cells from the tumor and invasion through the basement membrane or to the surrounding stroma; (4) entering of cells into the blood circulation; (5) evasion from the immune system; (6) arrest of tumor cells in the capillary beds of distant organs; (7) invasion of the surrounding parenchyma and (8) proliferation of cells to form a tumor mass in a secondary organ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sulfated glycosaminoglycans on tumor invasion and metastasis

Kozlowski

Pavão²

2011

Front Biosci

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Metastasis is the most devastating aspect of the tumor, being the main cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. The events that lead to tumor invasion and metastasis depend fundamentally on the initial aquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype by the primary carcinoma, which provides the necessary machinary for invasion, intravasation, vascular transport, extravasation and tumor colonization. These events are orquestrated by different growth factors, proteoglycans and adhesion molecules, acting at the surface of cells. The anticoagulant heparin binds several of these molecules and can regulate the interactions that occur during tumor invasion and metastasis. For example, heparin modulates the binding of FGF-2 to its tyrosine kinase receptor during tumor proliferation, and the binding of growth factors involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transition during tumor invasion. It also binds P-selectin on activated platelets, preventing tumor cell-platelet interaction during hematogeneous metastasis. In this review, we discuss the role of sulfated glycosaminoglycans during tumor invasion and metastasis, and the possible therapeutic use of heparin analogs on cancer treatment.

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Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus

Ludwig

Shaw

Suto-Nagy

1981

Cancer

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Three cases of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus are presented with emphasis on the gross and histopathologic features. Grossly, the tumors tended to be polypoid with a smooth predominantly intact overlying mucosa. Microscopically a junctional lentiginous growth pattern was characteristic as well as a tendency to expand and fill the submucosa without invading the muscularis. A given tumor invariably was more extensive than grossly suspected and the lateral junctional spread was striking in two of the cases. Primary malignant melanoma should be included in the preoperative differential diagnosis of radiographically unusual esophageal tumors, particularly if the lesion is polypoid. Because of the potentially widespread intramucosal component, surgical treatment of esophageal melanoma required a radical procedure with a far greater margin than for the usual squamous cell carcinoma. Intracavitary radiotherapy may be a useful form of adjuvant therapy in selected patients.

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Metastatic Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus: A Case Report

Cited by 17 publications

References 3 publications

Metastatic malignant melanoma of the oesophagus, first case diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration

Metastatic malignant melanoma of the oesophagus, first case diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration

Effect of sulfated glycosaminoglycans on tumor invasion and metastasis

Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus

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