Metastatic colon carcinoma in the maxilla: Highlighting the importance of perioperative oral management: A case report

Abstract

Metastatic colorectal carcinoma involving the maxilla is a rare phenomenon, and existing literature regarding the significance of perioperative oral function management (POM) in managing such cases is limited. In the present case report the clinical details of a 58-year-old male referred to the oral and maxillofacial department for POM. The patient had previously undergone segmental bowel resection due to stage IIIb colon cancer. A comprehensive approach encompassing a thorough medical history, meticulous physical examination, radiographic imaging and immunohistopathology was employed, and a definitive diagnosis of metastatic adenocarcinoma in the left maxillary gingiva originating from a colorectal carcinoma was reached. Additionally, concomitant metastases were detected in the lungs and liver. Despite the daunting prognosis associated with the metastases in the oral cavity, the patient's quality of life exhibited discernible improvements owing to the implementation of palliative care interventions. Notably, this interdisciplinary approach facilitated the patient's survival for over a year. The present case report strongly advocates for the prompt integration of POM in the surgical management of cancer patients with oral manifestations, which can optimize both the quality of life and overall survival.

A Case Report of Mandibular Gingival Metastasis From Sigmoid Colon Adenocarcinoma With Phenotypical Transformation Into Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

“…These distant gingival metastases more often affect the lower jaw due to its rich vascularization. The rich capillary network in the gingiva supports the invasion of tumor cells [15], as in the patient we present.…”

“…A histopathological examination, combined with other diagnostic methods, is decisive for the timely diagnosis. Similarities between the primary tumor and the metastatic ones are present and create difficulties in diagnosing [ 15 ]. Advances in imaging, molecular profiling, and immunohistochemistry help define the primary focus and treatment options [ 2 ].…”