Metastatic breast cancer to the gastrointestinal tract: A case series and review of the literature

Nazareno, José; Taves, Donald H.; Preiksaitis, Harold G.

doi:10.3748/wjg.v12.i38.6219

Cited by 92 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Despite breast cancer metastases to the gastrointestinal tract being less common than to other sites, because breast cancer is extremely common, it may be responsible for a high proportion of metastatic gastric tumors. In the present study, the pathological results for both breast cancer patients showed invasive lobular carcinoma, which agrees with findings reported previously (4,8). As tumor histology is one of the predictors of metastatic spread, lobular carcinoma is more likely to metastasize to the gastrointestinal tract, although metastatic gastric tumors are less common than ductal carcinoma and the mechanisms involved are not clear (8)(9)(10).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In the present study, the pathological results for both breast cancer patients showed invasive lobular carcinoma, which agrees with findings reported previously (4,8). As tumor histology is one of the predictors of metastatic spread, lobular carcinoma is more likely to metastasize to the gastrointestinal tract, although metastatic gastric tumors are less common than ductal carcinoma and the mechanisms involved are not clear (8)(9)(10). These results emphasize the importance of considering metastatic gastric cancer, especially in patients with a previous history of breast cancer.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Clinical presentation and treatment of gastric metastasis from other malignancies of solid organs

Namikawa¹,

Munekage²,

Ogawa³

et al. 2017

Biomedical Reports

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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to analyze the clinicopathologic features and treatment outcomes of gastric metastasis from other malignancies of solid organs. A review was conducted of patients with metastatic tumors in the stomach from other malignancies of solid organs detected endoscopically at the Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, from January 1991 to December 2015. Seven patients (four men and three women), with a median age of 64 years (range, 42-71 years), had metastatic gastric tumors. Median tumor size was 7.3 cm (range, 2.5-12.0 cm). The primary malignancy leading to metastatic tumors in the stomach was esophageal cancer in three patients, breast cancer in two patients, renal cell carcinoma in one patient, and ovarian cancer in one patient. Gastric metastasis presented as solitary lesions in six patients and as multiple lesions in one patient. Four patients had solitary gastric metastasis, whereas three had multiple metastases in other organs. The median tumor size was significantly smaller in patients with solitary rather than multiple metastases (4.6 vs. 12.0 cm, respectively; P=0.038). Three patients received systemic therapy and four underwent surgical resection of the metastatic tumor, and of these, only one was alive 58 months after surgery. Clinicians should be aware of the possible existence of metastatic gastric cancer, especially in breast carcinoma and esophageal cancer. Surgical resection may considerably improve patients' quality of life, and could be of benefit when there is a risk of bleeding and/or a solitary metastasis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Clinical presentation and treatment of gastric metastasis from other malignancies of solid organs

Namikawa¹,

Munekage²,

Ogawa³

et al. 2017

Biomedical Reports

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show abstract

“…This study reaffirms the fact that despite lobular carcinoma being less common than ductal; it more frequently metastasizes to the GI tract [11,12,20,24]. Interestingly, 5-15% of patients have metastases when they are diagnosed with breast cancer [25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Other studies ranged from 4.4 to 9.5 years [11,20,24,26]. Because breast cancer patients follow with an oncologist only sporadically after diagnosis and first treatment, it is important for these patients to follow with a general practitioner, such as an Internist or Family Physician.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal Metastases from Breast Cancer, a Diagnostic Dilemma

Wiisanen¹

2015

MOJCR

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IntroductionEvery year, approximately 225,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer and another 40,000 die from the disease in the US. About 75% of all metastases will occur within the first 5 years after diagnosis of early-stage disease. This has been found to be especially true for hormone receptor-negative disease. Unfortunately, metastases can occur beyond that time, sometimes up to 30 years later, which is more common in hormone-positive disease [1,2]. Breast cancer will typically metastasize to lymph nodes, bone, lungs, liver, and brain. Most commonly, metastatic spread of any cancer type to the gastrointestinal tract is considered an uncommon phenomenon. One study of approximately 2500 cases, found only 21 patients (<1%) with metastasis to the gastrointestinal tract [3]. Of secondary tumors to the gastrointestinal tract, breast is second only to melanoma [4]. In one study that looked specifically at the colon and rectum, the leading source of metastases was breast, with melanoma second [5]. In an autopsy study performed on 707 cases of metastatic breast cancer, the stomach was involved in 10% of cases, small intestine in 9%, and large intestine in 8%, with the peritoneum involved in 25% of cases. Overall, the gastrointestinal tract was involved in 16% of cases [6] A non-autopsy study done in 2005 at The Mayo Clinic showed that of 12,000 diagnosed with metastatic disease secondary to breast cancer, 73 (0.6%) were found in either the GI tract or peritoneum: esophagus (8%), stomach (28%), small intestine (19%), and colon and rectum (45%) [7].Histological studies have found that lobular carcinoma metastasized to the same metastatic sites as ductal carcinoma; however lobular carcinoma frequently metastasized to unusual sites like the gastrointestinal tract, peritoneum, and adnexa [8][9][10][11][12]. In one of the earliest papers on the subject, all of the metastases to the stomach were infiltrating lobular cancer, and other papers had between 75-97% lobular histotype [13][14][15][16] AbstractBackground: Those diagnosed with breast cancer are surviving longer due to advances in treatment. Metastatic spread to any site may not occur for years after primary surgical and systemic treatments and will most likely be diagnosed by General Practitioners. Breast cancer rarely metastasizes to the gastrointestinal tract. Due to this, scarce literature is available; mostly case-reports or small caseseries. Our aim is to review two recent cases and to highlight our institution's data. General Practitioners need to remember the potential gastrointestinal metastatic spread of breast cancer.

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“…There is diffuse intramural infiltration of the gastric wall by the tumor; this results in narrowing of the stomach lumen, rigidity, and diminished peristalsis [14] . The average presentation timebetween the initial breast cancer diagnosis and the gastrointestinal metastatic disease presentation is 6-9 years [15,16] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyloric Metastases from Primary Breast Cancer- A Case Report and Literature Review

Al‐Zawi¹

2017

JMSCR

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Metastatic breast cancer to the gastrointestinal tract: A case series and review of the literature

Cited by 92 publications

References 59 publications

Clinical presentation and treatment of gastric metastasis from other malignancies of solid organs

Clinical presentation and treatment of gastric metastasis from other malignancies of solid organs

Gastrointestinal Metastases from Breast Cancer, a Diagnostic Dilemma

Pyloric Metastases from Primary Breast Cancer- A Case Report and Literature Review

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