Metastasis Prevention: Focus on Metastatic Circulating Tumor Cells

Menyailo, Maxim E.; Bokova, Ustinia A; Ivanyuk, E. E.; Khozyainova, Anna A.; Denisov, Evgeny V.

doi:10.1007/s40291-021-00543-5

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 169 publications

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“…Escape from immune surveillance is a pivotal feature of tumors with distant metastasis [31][32][33] and activation of immune surveillance is an important strategy for tumor targeted therapy. NK cells play important roles in immune surveillance and can directly kill tumor cells via perforin and granzyme release [34,35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ELFN1-AS1 Promotes GDF15-Mediated Immune Escape of Colorectal Cancer from NK cells by Facilitating GCN5 and SND1 Association

Han

Chen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The ability of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to escape from natural killer (NK) cell immune surveillance leads to anti-tumor treatment failure. The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) ELFN1-AS1 is aberrantly expressed in multiple tumors suggesting a role as an oncogene in cancer development. However, whether ELFN1-AS1 regulates immune surveillance in CRC is unclear. Here, we determined that ELFN1-AS1 enhanced the ability of CRC cells to escape from NK cell surveillance in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we confirmed that ELFN1-AS1 in CRC cells attenuated the activity of NK cell by down-regulating NKG2D and GZMB via the GDF15/JNK pathway. Furthermore, mechanistic investigations demonstrated that ELFN1-AS1 enhanced the interaction between the GCN5 and SND1 protein and this influenced H3k9ac enrichment at the GDF15 promotor to stimulate GDF15 production in CRC cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that ELFN1-AS1 in CRC cells suppresses NK cell cytotoxicity and ELFN1-AS1 is a potential therapeutic target for CRC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ELFN1-AS1 Promotes GDF15-Mediated Immune Escape of Colorectal Cancer from NK cells by Facilitating GCN5 and SND1 Association

Han

Chen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Metastatic tumors are very difficult to treat with current conventional therapies (Menyailo et al, 2021). Smart oncolytic adenovirotherapy can allow for targeted delivery of immunostimulatory molecules to the tumor microenvironment (Wang, Zhong, et al, 2021).…”

Section: Engineering Adenoviruses With Pro-inflammatory Molecules Activates Antitumor Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Oncolytic Adenovirotherapy to Induce Killing of Cancer Cells and Elicit Antitumor Immunity

Enekegho¹,

Stuart²

2022

Eureka

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Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world, accounting for over 30% of all deaths in Canada. Various chemotherapy and therapeutic agents are currently in practice to help combat and treat cancerous growths and to lead to cancer remission. Virotherapy is an emerging treatment that uses biotechnology to convert viruses into therapeutic agents for the treatment of specific types of cancer. This process reprograms viruses to become oncolytic and target tumor cells in the body for lysis. It also uses these viruses to recruit inflammatory and vaccination responses by the immune system to help kill surrounding tumor cells while also establishing a long immune memory to help in the case of later infections. Adenoviruses are a group of viruses that infect the membranes of the respiratory tract, eyes, intestines, urinary tract, and nervous system of humans and causing fever as well as many cold symptoms. It is also a commonly used oncolytic virus and has been demonstrated in recent studies to be a great potential tool for eliciting appropriate inflammatory responses from the immune system to kill cancer cells and inducing cell-mediated immunity to prevent against later re-infection by the specific cancer type. Advances to this virotherapy has progressed towards overcoming tumor-mediated immunosuppression, which usually allows cancerous cells to evade the immune system and escape cell destruction, especially when combined with other therapy treatments. (Goradel et al., 2019). This review will focus on the mechanism as to how engineered modified viruses stimulate the immune system for cell killing and cell-mediated immunity. There will also be an examination of several research papers with some evidence to understand the synergy being oncolytic adenovirotherapy and the immune system function to kill cancer cells. Some disadvantages and issues with using this form of therapeutic treatment will also be presented, as well as some present and future research operating to fix these issues as well as increase the overall efficacy of this cancer treatment oncolytic adenovirotherapy.

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“…These stem-type CTCs can escape immune surveillance and show a high ability to withstand treatment. The latest strategies should address metastatic CTCs and their progenitors based on their molecular and cellular characteristics, to expand current plans for the successful prevention of metastases [101].…”

Section: Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Latest Innovations and Nanotechnologies with Curcumin as a Nature-Inspired Photosensitizer Applied in the Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer

Ailioaie

Litscher

2021

Pharmaceutics

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In the context of the high incidence of cancer worldwide, state-of-the-art photodynamic therapy (PDT) has entered as a usual protocol of attempting to eradicate cancer as a minimally invasive procedure, along with pharmacological resources and radiation therapy. The photosensitizer (PS) excited at certain wavelengths of the applied light source, in the presence of oxygen releases several free radicals and various oxidation products with high cytotoxic potential, which will lead to cell death in irradiated cancerous tissues. Current research focuses on the potential of natural products as a superior generation of photosensitizers, which through the latest nanotechnologies target tumors better, are less toxic to neighboring tissues, but at the same time, have improved light absorption for the more aggressive and widespread forms of cancer. Curcumin incorporated into nanotechnologies has a higher intracellular absorption, a higher targeting rate, increased toxicity to tumor cells, accelerates the activity of caspases and DNA cleavage, decreases the mitochondrial activity of cancer cells, decreases their viability and proliferation, decreases angiogenesis, and finally induces apoptosis. It reduces the size of the primary tumor, reverses multidrug resistance in chemotherapy and decreases resistance to radiation therapy in neoplasms. Current research has shown that the use of PDT and nanoformulations of curcumin has a modulating effect on ROS generation, so light or laser irradiation will lead to excessive ROS growth, while nanocurcumin will reduce the activation of ROS-producing enzymes or will determine the quick removal of ROS, seemingly opposite but synergistic phenomena by inducing neoplasm apoptosis, but at the same time, accelerating the repair of nearby tissue. The latest curcumin nanoformulations have a huge potential to optimize PDT, to overcome major side effects, resistance to chemotherapy, relapses and metastases. All the studies reviewed and presented revealed great potential for the applicability of nanoformulations of curcumin and PDT in cancer therapy.

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Metastasis Prevention: Focus on Metastatic Circulating Tumor Cells

Cited by 17 publications

References 169 publications

ELFN1-AS1 Promotes GDF15-Mediated Immune Escape of Colorectal Cancer from NK cells by Facilitating GCN5 and SND1 Association

ELFN1-AS1 Promotes GDF15-Mediated Immune Escape of Colorectal Cancer from NK cells by Facilitating GCN5 and SND1 Association

Smart Oncolytic Adenovirotherapy to Induce Killing of Cancer Cells and Elicit Antitumor Immunity

Latest Innovations and Nanotechnologies with Curcumin as a Nature-Inspired Photosensitizer Applied in the Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer

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