Metastases to the Head and Neck: An Overview

Barnes, Leon

doi:10.1007/s12105-009-0123-4

Cited by 85 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Similarly, van der Waal et al [2] found that the most common primary sites for oral metastatic disease were lung and breasts. It has been postulated that metastatic lesions involve more commonly the jaws (65-75%) than the oral soft tissues (25-35%) [11]. Similarly, in our series, 72% of the cases spread to the bones.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

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Metastatic Tumors to the Oral Cavity: A Clinical Study of 18 Cases

Jham

Salama

McClure

et al. 2011

Head and Neck Pathol

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The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features of 18 cases of metastatic tumors to the oral cavity. The files of patients seen between 1992 and 2009 with oral (soft tissue and jawbones) metastatic lesions were reviewed. Clinical features, including gender, age, site of the primary tumor, site of metastatic tumor and treatment were evaluated. Patients were 11 males and 7 females, with mean age of 64.6 years. In males, most primary tumors originated in the lungs. In females, the lung and breast were the most common sites of the primary tumors. The mandible was the main site for the development of the metastatic lesions and the most common histologic type was adenocarcinoma. Treatment modalities included radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgical resection. Metastatic lesions should be considered in the differential diagnosis of oral lesions, particularly when a previous history of cancer is present.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Further, the vascular spaces in hematopoietic tissue are sinusoidal, allegedly allowing more easily penetration by tumor cells. In 5% of the cases, both the maxilla and mandible are affected [11], such as in one patient of our series.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Metastatic Tumors to the Oral Cavity: A Clinical Study of 18 Cases

Jham

Salama

McClure

et al. 2011

Head and Neck Pathol

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“…Finally, one must consider metastasis from another primary site, although this is rare [22,23]. The most common tumors are melanoma and renal cell carcinoma, although rarely lung carcinomas can metastasize to the larynx (9% of all metastases to the larynx), so it is possible to tender metastatic pulmonary LCNEC as a possibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Larynx: Definition of an Entity

Lewis

Spence

Chiosea

et al. 2010

Head and Neck Pathol

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Laryngeal atypical carcinoids (AC/moderatelydifferentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma) are associated with moderately aggressive clinical behavior; however, a subset of tumors classified as AC have much greater aggressive potential. These tumors fulfill the proposed diagnostic criteria for pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, albeit in the larynx. In the current WHO classification, laryngeal large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNEC) are classified as variants of AC, whereas pulmonary LCNEC are classified as poorly-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas. Reported outcomes for pulmonary tumors support the separate classification of LCNEC. Five and ten year survival rates for pulmonary AC are 61-73, and 35-59%, respectively, while the 5-year survival rate for pulmonary LCNEC is as low as 30%. By extension, we postulate that the biologic potential of laryngeal LCNEC is similar to that of small-cell carcinoma (poorly-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma), and as such, warrants reclassification. The files of Barnes Jewish Hospital/Washington University were searched for the term ''neuroendocrine'' and the anatomic subsite larynx. Neuroendocrine carcinoma cases were evaluated using the WHO definitions for pulmonary AC and LCNEC; small cell carcinoma was excluded. Cases were also solicited from the larger head and neck pathology community. A literature search was also performed for cases of laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma, and cases which could be clearly classified as LCNEC by this scheme were captured as well. Six new cases plus four reported cases were identified which fulfill the WHO criteria for pulmonary LCNEC (eight men and two women). Nine patients presented at stage IV and 88% died of disease (DOD), 75 and 100% of these at 2 and 3 years, respectively. Laryngeal LCNEC is a rare entity, distinct from AC. We recommend that laryngeal tumors fulfilling WHO criteria for pulmonary LCNEC not be classified as variants of AC, but as variants of small cell carcinoma (poorly-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma) as they are associated with poorer outcome.

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“…Barnes (2005) mentioned that this new wave of corporate philanthropy has its own ideological foundations that date to 2002 (Wilkinson 1991).The subject of strategic philanthropy therefore become very paramount especially in the post recession era in the united states where corporations were constantly reporting losses in the financial statements and many engaged in massive laid off and eventually closed down their different offices. Though the intention of this research is to lay the broad foundation for the problem that leads to the study or place this study in the context of the scholarly literature while reaching out to specific audience (Creswell,1994).…”

Section: Research Backgrounds and Motivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of returns from Zero impact of strategic strategy on firm’s performance

Arhin

2015

gjbem

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Critics argue sharply and blamed top management inappropriately for utilizing corporate strategic philanthropy as a tool to redeem their fallen image instead of the interest of the company. Nevertheless, there is a school of thought that believes that strategic philanthropy model have no impacts on the corporate performance especially in the recession period. This study focuses on Measurement of the impact of strategic philanthropy behavior on profitability measures: ROA, ROE. This study also measure Gross margin and Turnover model of strategic philanthropy in the selected firms. This research begins with audited consolidated financial statement of 59 listed companies comprising of 471 subsidiaries that were operating in the four years under study to obtain the secondary data. Initial approach of Statistical analysis method using IBM SPSS version 21 is used to analyze the data obtained from the secondary source. The research findings support the null hypothesis that there is no evidence to support that strategic philanthropy have impact on firms' performance. Based on the research findings, managerial implications and directions for future research are discussed.

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Metastases to the Head and Neck: An Overview

Abstract: This paper provides a review of the more common tumors to metastasize to 12 anatomic subsites of the head and neck, exclusive of cervical lymph nodes. Emphasis is placed on clinical rather than subclinical metastases discovered at autopsy.

Cited by 85 publications

References 57 publications

Metastatic Tumors to the Oral Cavity: A Clinical Study of 18 Cases

Metastatic Tumors to the Oral Cavity: A Clinical Study of 18 Cases

Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Larynx: Definition of an Entity

Assessment of returns from Zero impact of strategic strategy on firm’s performance

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