Metapopulation theory and northern cod population structure: interdependency of subpopulations in recovery of a groundfish population

Smedbol, R. Kent; Wroblewski, Joe

doi:10.1016/s0165-7836(01)00289-2

Cited by 128 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This would effectively establish a new deme in a metapopulation complex. An increase in demes number at high population biomass has been reported for several terrestrial [29] and marine species [30] and is in line with theoretical expectations [31]. In the context of flounder in the Bering Sea, the establishments of new demes would also imply the establishment of new spawning sites and larval drift trajectories.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Non-additive and non-stationary properties in the spatial distribution of a large marine fish population

2012

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Density-independent and density-dependent variables both affect the spatial distributions of species. However, their effects are often separately addressed using different analytical techniques. We apply a spatially explicit regression framework that incorporates localized, interactive and threshold effects of both density-independent (water temperature) and density-dependent (population abundance) variables, to study the spatial distribution of a well-monitored flatfish population in the eastern Bering Sea. Results indicate that when population biomass was beyond a threshold a further increase in biomass-promoted habitat expansion in a non-additive fashion with water temperature. In contrast, during years of low population size, habitat occupancy was affected positively only by water temperature. These results reveal the spatial signature of intraspecific abundance distribution relationships as well as the non-additive and non-stationary responses of species spatial dynamics. Furthermore, these results underscore the importance of implementing analytical techniques that can simultaneously account for density-dependent and density-independent sources of variability when studying geographical distribution patterns.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Non-additive and non-stationary properties in the spatial distribution of a large marine fish population

2012

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“…The Gilbert Bay cod population is genetically distinguishable from coastal cod of eastern Newfoundland and from offshore cod of the Grand Banks (Ruzzante et al, 2000;Beachem et al, 2002). Gilbert Bay cod are a subpopulation of the northern cod metapopulation (Smedbol & Wroblewski, 2002). The northern cod was declared 'Endangered' by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC, 2003), but has yet to be protected by Canada's Species at Risk Act.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fish fauna of Gilbert Bay, Labrador: a marine protected area in the Canadian subarctic coastal zone

et al. 2007

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The fish fauna of Gilbert Bay, Labrador: a marine protected area in the Canadian subarctic coastal zoneThe Marine Protected Area in Gilbert Bay, Labrador is the first established in the subarctic coastal zone of eastern Canada. A standardized survey of the fish fauna of Gilbert Bay was initiated during the ice-free season of 2004 to provide baseline information on the fish present in water less than 15 m deep. Beach seines and gill-nets sampled three management zones within the bay which are afforded different levels of protection from human activity. The 25 species in 15 families recorded belong to five ecological guilds: (1) estuarine and marine fish resident in the bay; (2) anadromous species transiting the bay; (3) marine species which migrate into the bay to spawn; (4) offshore-spawning marine fish for which the bay is a nursery area; and (5) marine species which occasionally migrate into the bay to feed. Gilbert Bay lies in a transition zone between Arctic and coldtemperate biogeographical provinces, and its fish fauna is dissimilar from a cold-temperate fish assemblage described for Trinity Bay in eastern Newfoundland.

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“…Whereas traditional metapopulations are structured by habitat, an Atlantic cod metapopulation would consist of the discrete substock spawning groups that characterize the cod stocks of the Northwest Atlantic (Smedbol & Wroblewski 2002), and are defined by meristic (Templeman 1962), genetic (Ruzzante et al 1999, Pogson et al 2001, Wirgin et al 2007, and behavioral (Robichaud & Rose 2004) data. Metapopulation structure has been explicitly proposed for the northern cod stocks on the Newfoundland/Labrador shelf (Smedbol & Wroblewski 2002), and for the North Sea and west Scotland cod in the northeast Atlantic (Wright et al 2006). The 10 spawning subcomponents of the North Sea and west Scotland cod stocks show regional variability at the substock level, consistent with the dynamics of a metapopulation (Holmes et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stray rates from tagging studies indicate a moderate to high level of exchange between cod populations and stock mixing during the non-breeding season (Robichaud & Rose 2004). A metapopulation structure, which by definition involves dispersal, has been explicitly hypothesized for the northern cod complex on the Labrador and Newfoundland continental shelves (Smedbol & Wroblewski 2002), and for the West Scotland and North Sea stocks in the northeastern Atlantic (Wright et al 2006). Indeed, while the cod stocks of the Northwest Atlantic are generally managed as single units, a substantial body of meristic (Templeman 1962), genetic (Ruzzante et al 1999, Pogson et al 2001, Wirgin et al 2007, and behavioral (Robichaud & Rose 2004) data suggests that these stocks have spatial (bank, bay), temporal (timing of spawning), and depth-dependent substructuring (Swain & Frank 2000) that are similar in character to the substructuring of metapopulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degraded recruitment synchrony in Northwest Atlantic cod stocks

Kelly

Frank²,

Leggett³

2009

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Correlated recruitment between North Atlantic cod stocks, separated by hundreds of kilometers, has consistently been interpreted as indicative that a proportion of pre-recruit mortality is forced by large-scaled abiotic conditions. This large-scale pattern was based on analyses that predated the overexploitation-driven stock abundance declines and collapses of the 1990s. We used a sliding window analysis to examine the temporal trajectories of the e-folding decorrelation scales of synchrony of both bottom temperature and de-trended cod recruitment for the Northwest Atlantic from 1950 to 2006. The characteristic scale of temperature synchrony rose from roughly 400 km to 800 km in the 1990s. Rather than mirror changes in temperature as expected, the scale of cod recruitment synchrony declined in the 1990s from roughly 500 km to 250 km, coincident with the severe declines in abundance. Dispersal between populations, another mechanism that generates synchronous population dynamics, may have been an overlooked contributor to recruitment synchrony documented in earlier analyses. Cod are highly mobile, and it has been suggested that they are structured as metapopulations. Over-exploitation may have interrupted these dispersal patterns and the associated metapopulation structure, thereby reducing synchrony. If so, dispersal from the most productive of the remaining populations may be an avenue for future recovery.

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Metapopulation theory and northern cod population structure: interdependency of subpopulations in recovery of a groundfish population

Cited by 128 publications

References 47 publications

Non-additive and non-stationary properties in the spatial distribution of a large marine fish population

Non-additive and non-stationary properties in the spatial distribution of a large marine fish population

The fish fauna of Gilbert Bay, Labrador: a marine protected area in the Canadian subarctic coastal zone

Degraded recruitment synchrony in Northwest Atlantic cod stocks

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