Metamorphosis of the central nervous system of Trichogramma telengai (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Makarova, Anastasia A.; Веко, Е. Н.; Polilov, Alexey A.

doi:10.1016/j.asd.2020.101005

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The structural plan of the head ganglia in parasitoid wasps of the genus Trichogramma Westwood, 1833 conforms to the general pattern observed in insects [Makarova, Polilov, 2013;Makarova et al, 2021]. The brain of Trichogramma telengai Sorokina, 1987 comprises approximately 17,000 neurons with an average diameter of 2.26 ± 0.08 mm (mean ± SE) [Makarova et al, 2021]. This reduction in size is achieved through a decrease in cytoplasmic volume, resulting in the nucleus occupying 50-60% of the cell [Makarova, Polilov, 2013].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Despite miniaturization, the long-term optimization by natural selection through compensatory mutations prevents fatal changes in the functioning of the nervous system, changes that would otherwise lead to a decline in cognitive abilities [Bolstad et al, 2015]. The structural plan of the head ganglia in parasitoid wasps of the genus Trichogramma Westwood, 1833 conforms to the general pattern observed in insects [Makarova, Polilov, 2013;Makarova et al, 2021]. The brain of Trichogramma telengai Sorokina, 1987 comprises approximately 17,000 neurons with an average diameter of 2.26 ± 0.08 mm (mean ± SE) [Makarova et al, 2021].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Long-term memory in the parasitoid Trichogramma telengai Sorokina, 1987 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Fedorova,

Farisenkov,

Shcherbakova

et al. 2023

euroasentj

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The process of miniaturization poses a challenge for insects as they need to maintain essential cognitive functions despite substantial reductions in body size. Despite having fewer and smaller neurons, Trichogramma telengai Sorokina, 1987 displayed the capacity for associative learning and retention of different kinds of memory. Earlier experiments have shown the presence of short-term memory in T. telengai. In this study, we observe memory retention for up to 24 hours, indicating the presence of long-term memory. In this experiment, unlike most studies on the cognitive abilities of parasitoids, we used aversive training to high temperatures instead of olfactory stimuli. This allowed us to observe the capacity for different memory consolidation pathways and to compare the memory retention abilities between insects of different groups.РЕЗЮМЕ. Вследствие миниатюризации перед насекомыми встает задача сохранить жизненно важные функции организма при значительном уменьшении размеров тела. Несмотря на уменьшенное количество и размер нейронов, Trichogramma telengai Sorokina, 1987 показывает способность к сохранению разных форм памяти. Предыдущие эксперименты показали наличие кратковременной памяти у паразитоидов T. telengai. В настоящем исследовании мы наблюдаем запоминание вплоть до 24 часов, что свидетельствует о наличии долговременной памяти. В отличие от большинства исследований когнитивных способностей паразитоидов, в этом эксперименте использовали обучение не на ольфакторные стимулы, а бо-лее универсальное аверсивное обучение на высокие температуры. Это позволило пронаблюдать способность к другим способам консолидации памяти, а также сделало возможным сравнение способностей к сохранению памяти у насекомых из разных групп.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Long-term memory in the parasitoid Trichogramma telengai Sorokina, 1987 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Fedorova,

Farisenkov,

Shcherbakova

et al. 2023

euroasentj

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“…The same ratio of the neuropil and the cell body rind that we describe for the insect brain is also found in measurements of the total central nervous system of insects and other arthropods. The relative neuropil volume of the entire central nervous system (RNVcns) and of particular thoracic ganglia separately for the parasitic wasp Trichogramma telengai is no different from RNV, and only the abdominal ganglia have a slightly lower relative neuropil volume 72 . In the moth Antheraea pernyi , the relative volume of the neuropil of the mesothoracic ganglion is 65%, and that of abdominal ganglion 4 is 53% 55 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constant neuropilar ratio in the insect brain

Polilov

Makarova

2020

Sci Rep

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Revealing scaling rules is necessary for understanding the morphology, physiology and evolution of living systems. Studies of animal brains have revealed both general patterns, such as Haller's rule, and patterns specific for certain animal taxa. However, large-scale studies aimed at studying the ratio of the entire neuropil and the cell body rind in the insect brain have never been performed. Here we performed morphometric study of the adult brain in 37 insect species of 26 families and ten orders, ranging in volume from the smallest to the largest by a factor of more than 4,000,000, and show that all studied insects display a similar ratio of the volume of the neuropil to the cell body rind, 3:2. Allometric analysis for all insects shows that the ratio of the volume of the neuropil to the volume of the brain changes strictly isometrically. Analyses within particular taxa, size groups, and metamorphosis types also reveal no significant differences in the relative volume of the neuropil; isometry is observed in all cases. Thus, we establish a new scaling rule, according to which the relative volume of the entire neuropil in insect brain averages 60% and remains constant.

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“…However, without another probe for the CNS demonstrating co-localization of nervous tissue and Wolbachia , it is still unclear if there is a direct interaction. According to the observation on the development of a Trichogramma species, the formation of the CNS of Trichogramma telengai occurs at the late larval stage ( 50 ). The co-localization of nervous tissue and Wolbachia at immature stages may negatively affect the formation of the CNS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wolbachia -Driven Memory Loss in a Parasitic Wasp Increases Superparasitism to Enhance Horizontal Transmission

Zhou

Huo

et al. 2022

mBio

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The endosymbiotic bacteria, Wolbachia , live widely within cells of arthropods. Wolbachia are not only transmitted vertically from host mother to offspring, but are also transmitted horizontally among host individuals. Horizontal transmission is expected to occur during superparasitism when host parasitoid females deposit a clutch of eggs on a host previously parasitized by the same parasitoid species.

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Metamorphosis of the central nervous system of Trichogramma telengai (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Cited by 8 publications

References 51 publications

Long-term memory in the parasitoid Trichogramma telengai Sorokina, 1987 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Long-term memory in the parasitoid Trichogramma telengai Sorokina, 1987 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Constant neuropilar ratio in the insect brain

Wolbachia -Driven Memory Loss in a Parasitic Wasp Increases Superparasitism to Enhance Horizontal Transmission

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