Metamorphosis in<i>Xenopus laevis</i>is not associated with large-scale nuclear DNA content variation

Freeman, Jennifer L.; Rayburn, A. Lane

doi:10.1242/jeb.01304

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Because all the studies that reported the lower genome size for the pigweed species used W22 as a standard, chicken red blood cell nuclei were used to ensure that the 5.35 pg of W22 was correct. Upon comparing the chicken nuclei with Xenopus laevis nuclei defined as having 6.3 pg per 2C nucleus (Freeman and Rayburn, 2004), the chicken nuclei were determined to have a 2C genome size of 2.5 pg (data not shown), which is within the reported range of chicken nuclei (Johnston, 1999). The recalculated genome size of W22 using chicken red blood cells was 5.33 pg, which is nearly identical to the 5.35 pg previously reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Genome Size Analysis of Weedy Amaranthus Species

et al. 2005

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is the agricultural land of the Midwest. Given the intense farming practices used and the nearly constant changes Weedy Amaranthus species pose a serious threat to agriculture.in Best Management Practices, agrichemicals used, etc., One of the areas that causes the greatest concern is development of herbicide resistance and subsequent transfer of herbicide resistance the landscape is in a continual state of flux. If interspegenes among the species. To determine the potential impact of inter-cific hybridization does occur in Amaranthus, introgresspecific hybridization, one must first be able to detect such hybrids.sive hybridization could be very important in the evolu-To determine if genome size could be useful in the detection of intertion and adaptation of these weedy species. specific hybrids among the weedy Amaranthus species, the genome Murray (1940) reported that hybrids could be made sizes of the weedy Amaranthus species sympatric in Illinois were anaamong various monoecious and dioecious pigweed spelyzed. In a series of experiments, the genome sizes of these species cies. Wetzel et al. (1999) and Franssen et al. (2001) rewere determined by flow cytometric analysis. A significant variation ported the production of interspecific hybrids between was observed with respect to nuclear DNA content in the eight species two dioecious pigweed species. Tranel et al. (2002) reexamined. The genome sizes ranged from ≈0.95 pg in A. palmeri to ported interspecific hybridization between a monoe-≈1.4 pg in A. tuberculatus. Overlap of genome sizes among the species does exist; however, due to the reproductive biology of the species, cious and a dioecious pigweed species. In all the above this overlap does not preclude the detection of interspecific hybrids.reports, the hybrids were made under controlled, iso-Any dioecious weedy Amaranthus plant in Illinois that has a genome lated conditions. Trucco et al. (2005) demonstrated insize between 1.3 pg and 1.1 pg is probably a hybrid. Thus, the potential terspecific hybrids between A. hybridus and A. tubercufor genome size determination to reveal interspecific hybrids among latus under field conditions. Thus, it is possible that weedy Amaranthus species has been demonstrated. hybrids between pigweeds could occur naturally in agronomic fields. size to be 5.35 pg per 2C nucleus. Given the almost iden-MH 262 MH 262 Maricopa, AZ tical estimates of DNA, all the weed populations were con-MH 277 MH 277 Beckham, OK MH 254 Brazos, TX verted using 5.35 pg per 2C nucleus for W22 to maintain A. albus PT 66 PT 66 Champaign Co., IL consistency with other data published using W22 as an PT 106 PT 106 Morgan Co., IL internal standard. MH 40 MH 40 Dona Ana, NM MH 49 MH 49 Stoneville, MS The genome size of the pigweed species ranged from MH 55 MH 55 Centre Co., PA 0.96 to 1.21 pg per 2C nucleus in experiment 1 and 0.95 to A. blitoides MH 215 MH 215 Whitman Co., WA 1.23 pg per 2C nucleus in experiment 2 (Table 2). In MH 219 Franklin Co., MD MH 206 Harrow, Ontario both experiments, species were signif...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Genome Size Analysis of Weedy Amaranthus Species

et al. 2005

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“…However, the genome sizes reported in this, and more importantly, in every study estimating genome size by fl ow cytometry, should be considered estimates and not absolute amounts. While fl ow cytometry has become increasingly popular for determining genome sizes in plant species, mechanism of the fl uorochrome used (Shapiro 1995), plant compounds present in the cells from which the nuclei are isolated (Dolezel and Bartos 2005) and diff erential chromatin compaction (Freeman and Rayburn 2004) are just a few of the parameters that can bias genome size estimates. Flow cytometry therefore has limitations that preclude the certainty of any genome size estimates to the absolute picograms of DNA that exist in the plant nucleus of interest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Size and Chromosome Analyses in Prairie Cordgrass

2010

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The next generation of bioenergy crops will be grown on marginal lands. Prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata Link) is well suited to marginal land because of its tolerance to stresses such as salinity and water fluctuations. Developing prairie cordgrass as an energy crop requires genomic information such as genomic size and ploidy level. The 2C nuclear genome size of 11 prairie cordgrass populations, originating from Illinois, North Dakota, and South Dakota, were determined by flow cytometry using somatic G1 nuclei, and the ploidy variation confirmed by counting the chromosome number. One population from each of North Dakota and South Dakota, as well as the Red River, had genome sizes of 3.1 pg of DNA per G1 somatic nucleus whereas, the majority of the eight populations from Illinois had a genome size of 1.6 pg. One plant from one of the Illinois populations had an estimated genome size of 2.3 pg. These genome sizes of 3.1 and 1.6 pg, along with their respective chromosome numbers of 80 and 40 indicate octoploid and tetraploid plants. The chromosome number of 60 observed in the plant with 2.3 pg indicated that this plant was hexaploid. This study provides the first estimates of genome size for prairie cordgrass and is also the first to report observed hexaploidy in this species. This genomic information provides critical knowledge for designing efficient breeding schemes for plant improvement.

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“…Amphibian metamorphosis is a complex process that has been speculated to involve DNA amplification and chromatin rearrangement and therefore the DNA content displayed different values during amphibian development [7] and provides a unique opportunity to study the entire mechanisms underlying apoptosis at the molecular level [8] [9]. Many investigators are interested in rapid assays to detect and quantify apoptosis in cell populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization on the Early Developmental Stages of the Egyptian Toad <i>Bufo regularis</i> Reuss

Sayed¹,

Elballouz²,

Wassif³

2014

OJGen

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The present study aimed to investigate changes in the protein contents using SDS-PAGE, also using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) assay to identify changes in DNA concentration in the embryos of Egyptian toad Bufo regularis. Our experiment started when tadpoles began to feed. The adapted embryos were divided into 3 large tanks of 200 embryos each, collections of samples started from feeding age every three days. Cluster method was used to indicate the distinct distance between the band patterns of different stages. An increase occurred in the concentration of protein fractions in these tadpoles upon metamorphosis and that when metamorphosis was completed. DNA concentration exhibited an evident low values at the premetamorphic stage 44 (105.85 ± 0.519 ng/µl) compared with the other more advanced developmental stages 55 and 56 (204.056 ± 0.651 ng/µl and 234.55 ± 2.325 ng/µl respectively). In conclusion, acquire information about the changes in the molecular content of Bufo regularis during metamorphosis has been estimated.

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Metamorphosis inXenopus laevisis not associated with large-scale nuclear DNA content variation

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Genome Size Analysis of Weedy Amaranthus Species

Genome Size Analysis of Weedy Amaranthus Species

Genome Size and Chromosome Analyses in Prairie Cordgrass

Molecular Characterization on the Early Developmental Stages of the Egyptian Toad <i>Bufo regularis</i> Reuss

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Metamorphosis inXenopus laevisis not associated with large-scale nuclear DNA content variation

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Genome Size Analysis of Weedy Amaranthus Species

Genome Size Analysis of Weedy Amaranthus Species

Genome Size and Chromosome Analyses in Prairie Cordgrass

Molecular Characterization on the Early Developmental Stages of the Egyptian Toad &lt;i&gt;Bufo regularis&lt;/i&gt; Reuss

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Molecular Characterization on the Early Developmental Stages of the Egyptian Toad <i>Bufo regularis</i> Reuss