Metamorphic diamonds: Mechanism of growth and inclusion of oxides

Dobrzhinetskaya, L.; Green, H.W.; Mitchell, T. E.; Dickerson, Robert M.

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0263:mdmoga>2.0.co;2

Cited by 67 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Overall, our data obtained by these techniques suggest that the Erzgebirge microdiamonds grew from a supercritical carbonoxygen-hydrogen (COH) fluid during the course of ultra-highpressure metamorphism (16,17), as has been argued previously for Kokchetav microdiamonds (10,11,16).…”

Section: Nanometric Solid and Fluid Inclusions In Diamondssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Direct TEM examination of fluid inclusions was not possible (20) until recently when the FIB technique became available for highquality foil preparation (10,16,21,22). Our first results of FIB/TEM studies of Erzgebirge diamonds (16) revealed that they contain dozens of nanometric crystalline inclusions.…”

Section: Nanometric Solid and Fluid Inclusions In Diamondsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five well confirmed diamondbearing terranes, the Kokchetav massif of Kazakhstan (3), Dabie and Quinlin in China (4,5), the Western Gneiss Region of Norway (6,7), the Erzgebirge massif of Germany (8), and the Kimi complex of the Greek Rhodope (9), are established now. In these localities the diamonds are characterized by small (1-80 m) crystals of skeletal, cuboidal, subrounded, and other imperfect morphologies (10,11). The nitrogen impurities in diamonds from Kazakhstan, Norway, and Germany suggest that all of them belong to the type 1b-1aA, implying a short residence time at high temperature (Ϸ900-1,100°C) of Ϸ5 Ma (6,12,13), which distinguishes them from other nitrogen-bearing diamonds of kimberlitic sources (type 1aAB), having much longer residence time in the earth's interior (12,14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). Because of slight chemical etching by our colloidal silica polishing system (10,18), the diamonds stand out above the flat surface of host zircons, allowing the observation of details of crystal shapes. A single diamond crystal shown in Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 d-f ). Such diamond morphologies suggest that they were formed in a medium oversaturated with impurities, and that the rate of deposition of carbon atoms at the corners and on the faces of diamond nuclei was different, providing faster growth of the crystal edges (10,19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A look inside of diamond-forming media in deep subduction zones

Dobrzhinetskaya

Wirth

Green

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Geologists have ''known'' for many years that continental crust is buoyant and cannot be subducted very deep. Microdiamonds 10 -80 m in size discovered in the 1980s within metamorphic rocks related to continental collisions clearly refute this statement, suggesting that material of continental crust has been subducted to a minimum depth of >150 km and incorporated into mountain chains during tectonic exhumation. Over the past decade, the rapidly moving technological advancement has made it possible to examine these diamonds in detail, and to learn that they contain nanometric multiphase inclusions of crystalline and fluid phases and are characterized by a ''crustal'' signature of carbon stable isotopes. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy, focused ion beam techniques, synchrotron infrared spectroscopy, and nano-secondary ion mass spectrometry studies of these diamonds provide evidence that they were crystallized from a supercritical carbon-oxygen-hydrogen fluid. These microdiamonds preserve evidence of the pathway by which carbon and water can be subducted to mantle depths and returned back to the earth's surface.crust ͉ microdiamonds ͉ fluid D iamond, built by densely packed carbon atoms, is valued as a gemstone and as a unique industrial/technological material because of its extraordinary hardness, transparency, and high thermal conductivity, and could become a semiconductor when doped with boron or other components (1, 2). With the exception of impact microdiamonds, all natural diamonds are formed in the earth's deep interior (upper mantle, mantle transition zone, and some of them even below the 660-km seismic discontinuity). They are delivered to the earth's surface by volatile-rich kimberlite or related magmas rising up through pipe-like structures together with abundant fragments of wall rocks from the base of the lithosphere. Because of its chemical inertness, diamond is a near-perfect container, stable for long geological times, for fluid and solid inclusions that are trapped during its growth. The chemistry and structure of inclusions are used to reconstruct mantle mineralogy, and conditions and compositions of diamond-forming media.A new, nonvolcanic type of diamond-bearing rocks was discovered Ͼ25 years ago but not made known to the western literature until 1990. These are metasedimentary rocks in orogenic belts formed at convergent plate boundaries in PaleozoicMesozoic (Ϸ480-250 Ma) time. Five well confirmed diamondbearing terranes, the Kokchetav massif of Kazakhstan (3), Dabie and Quinlin in China (4, 5), the Western Gneiss Region of Norway (6, 7), the Erzgebirge massif of Germany (8), and the Kimi complex of the Greek Rhodope (9), are established now. In these localities the diamonds are characterized by small (1-80 m) crystals of skeletal, cuboidal, subrounded, and other imperfect morphologies (10, 11). The nitrogen impurities in diamonds from Kazakhstan, Norway, and Germany suggest that all of them belong to the type 1b-1aA, implying a short residence time at high temperature (Ϸ900-1,10...

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Section: Nanometric Solid and Fluid Inclusions In Diamondssupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Nanometric Solid and Fluid Inclusions In Diamondsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A look inside of diamond-forming media in deep subduction zones

Dobrzhinetskaya

Wirth

Green

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Nanocarbon and Microdiamond Formation in the Lithogenesis and Metamorphic Processes

Simakov,

Scribano,

Melnik

et al. 2023

Nano and Micro Diamond Formation in Nature

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New Frontiers in Integrated Solid Earth Sciences

Cloetingh¹,

Negendank²

2010

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The book series is dedicated to the United Nations International Year of Planet Earth. The aim of the Year is to raise worldwide public and political awareness of the vast (but often under-used) potential of Earth sciences for improving the quality of life and safeguarding the planet. Geoscientific knowledge can save lives and protect property if threatened by natural disasters. Such knowledge is also needed to sustainably satisfy the growing need for Earth's resources by more people. Earths scientists are ready to contribute to a safer, healthier and more prosperous society. IYPE aims to develop a new generation of such experts to find new resources and to develop land more sustainably.

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Metamorphic diamonds: Mechanism of growth and inclusion of oxides

Cited by 67 publications

References 11 publications

A look inside of diamond-forming media in deep subduction zones

A look inside of diamond-forming media in deep subduction zones

Nanocarbon and Microdiamond Formation in the Lithogenesis and Metamorphic Processes

New Frontiers in Integrated Solid Earth Sciences

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