Metamaterials on Paper as a Sensing Platform

Tao, Hu; Chieffo, Logan R.; Brenckle, Mark A.; Siebert, Sean; Liu, Mengkun; Strikwerda, Andrew C.; Fan, Kebin; Kaplan, David L.; Zhang, Xin; Averitt, R. D.; Omenetto, Fiorenzo G.

doi:10.1002/adma.201100163

Cited by 219 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Alternative strategies for covalent and non-covalent functionalization of graphene sensors will also be explored 57 . Finally, future challenges in the sensor development will involve further miniaturization of the wireless coil for integration onto a smaller footprint (such as a human tooth) 58,59 and testing of the platform on in vivo systems, including tissue and teeth in living animals and humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-based wireless bacteria detection on tooth enamel

et al. 2012

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Direct interfacing of nanosensors onto biomaterials could impact health quality monitoring and adaptive threat detection. Graphene is capable of highly sensitive analyte detection due to its nanoscale nature. Here we show that graphene can be printed onto water-soluble silk. This in turn permits intimate biotransfer of graphene nanosensors onto biomaterials, including tooth enamel. The result is a fully biointerfaced sensing platform, which can be tuned to detect target analytes. For example, via self-assembly of antimicrobial peptides onto graphene, we show bioselective detection of bacteria at single-cell levels. Incorporation of a resonant coil eliminates the need for onboard power and external connections. Combining these elements yields two-tiered interfacing of peptide-graphene nanosensors with biomaterials. In particular, we demonstrate integration onto a tooth for remote monitoring of respiration and bacteria detection in saliva. overall, this strategy of interfacing graphene nanosensors with biomaterials represents a versatile approach for ubiquitous detection of biochemical targets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-based wireless bacteria detection on tooth enamel

et al. 2012

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“…The concentration of glucose in the body fluid need often be monitored and sensed in bio-engineering. Therefore, it is expected that the permittivity of the glucose solid might be helpful to some sensing situations or data analysis [15]. However, it is hard to crystallize a big block of glucose with centimeter size matching the microwave wavelength.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying Effective Medium Theory in Characterizing Dielectric Constant of Solids

Li¹,

Chen²,

Anwar³

et al. 2012

PIER Letters

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Abstract-We present a simple approach to measure the dielectric constant of solid materials. In this approach, the powder for the solid under investigation is mixed with the oil at a specific volume fraction. By measuring the oil and the mixture, the permittivity of the inclusion, i.e., the solid, can be accurately derived from the Maxwell-Garnett effective medium theory. With this method, the strict requirements for the solid shape and surface flatness in the conventional measuring configurations can be waved off, and meanwhile the broadband permittivity can be obtained. The demonstrations on alumina, glucose, and pearl show this approach is valid and robust.

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“…In fact, the resonance condition of the SRR signifi cantly depends on their local dielectric environment, so that the SRRs can be readily employed as refractive-index (RI) sensors. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Recently, we further manifested the multi-mode plasmonic resonances in the SRRs, in which the lower-order modes possess greater sensitivity associated with stronger localized electromagnetic fi eld leading to shorter detection lengths within fi ve hundreds nanometers, whereas the higher-order modes present mediate sensitivity with micron-scale detection lengths to allow intracellular bio-events detection. [ 23 ] These unique characteristics of the SRR structure not only enable a multi-functional plasmonic biosensor to preserve the merits of the conventional SPR technique (e.g., label-free, excellent sensitivity, quick and real-time diagnose, detection of refractive index variations), but further promise to achieve a coupler-free, scalable and intracellular bioimaging platform.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/adma201200291mentioning

confidence: 99%