Metals toxicity and its bioaccumulation in purslane seedlings grown in controlled environment

Abstract

We aimed to find the toxicological impacts of Cd, Pb and Zn in single dozes and in combinations on Purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i>) seedling. The Pursolane seedlings grown in pots in a green house were treated with different soil treatments spiked (mg/kg) with Pb (300, 400 and 500), Cd (0.5, 1 and 1.5), and Zn (250, 500, 700) alone and then in specified combinations/concentrations <i>i.e.</i>, Cd/Pb (0.5/300, 1/400, 1.5/500), Cd/Zn (0.5/250, 1/500, 1.5/700) and Pb/Zn (300/250, 400/500, 500/ 700). The results indicated that increasing concentrations of the studied HMs in seedlings tissues significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the seedlings growth. Cd was more toxic to <i>P. oleracea</i> seedling, compared to Pb and Zn. Roots of <i>P. oleracea</i> seedlings were more sensitive to the studied HMs in comparison with shoot. The uptake patterns showed antagonistic impacts on each other and were reflected in response to growth parameters. The combine toxicities of Cd, Pb and Zn (Cd/Pb, Cd/Zn and Pb/Zn) were more than the toxicity due to single dose of each element but less than their additive sums

Wild Plant Assessment for Heavy Metal Phytoremediation Potential along the Mafic and Ultramafic Terrain in Northern Pakistan

“…Similarly, Ni and Cr higher concentrations in plant species may lead to phytotoxicity. Enrichment of these metals in wild flora could be a serious threat to community of the area [1, 7, 9, 10]. However, Mewis et al [42] reported that for detoxification of metal stress and competition the accumulator plant species activate the defense mechanism.…”

“…These multifold higher concentrations of metals can be attributed to the mafic and ultramafic terrain and chromite mining in the area [1, 7, 9, 10]. Inter-relationship of physiochemical parameters in soil of the study area is summarized in Table 4.…”

“…Mining and waste dumping further accelerated the MTM accumulations in soil ecosystem [2, 10, 11]. pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and soil organic matter (SOM) are main factors that generally affect the chemistry of these metals in soil and their plant uptake, which may cause environmental problems in the area [1, 2].…”

Quantification of Heavy Metals in Mining Affected Soil and Their Bioaccumulation in Native Plant Species

“…Metals such as Cr, Ni, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn showed significantly (p < 0.01) higher concentrations among the selected heavy metals in Mohmand Agency, Shangla District and Malakand Agency as compared to reference site Table 2. This multifold higher concentration can be attributed to mafic and ultramafic rocks and chromites min- ing in the study area (Shah et al 2010;Yang et al 2011;Naz et al 2013). The inter-elemental correlation in soil sample showed that some pairs of heavy metals have strong significant correlation like Cr-Ni (r = 0.784), Cr-Co (r = 0.589), Cr-Fe(r = 0.432), Ni-Co (r = 0.391), Ni-Fe (r = 0.317) and Co-Fe (r = 0.603) (Table 5).…”

Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Co, Ni phytotoxicity assessment

“…These results were confirmed by Somova and Pechurkin who showed a high tolerance of plants to zinc salts (Somova and Pechurkin 2009). In non-tolerant plants, Zn toxicity is apparent in soils with high Zn content which could affect inhibition of root elongation and chlorosis of young leaves (Nicholson et al 1997, González and Lobo 2013, Naz et al 2013. Though Zn was once not considered to be highly toxic, phytotoxicity of zinc is usually reported in acid and heavily sludged soils.…”