Metals in soft tissues of mule deer and antelope

Munshower, Frank F.; Neuman, Dennis R.

doi:10.1007/bf02027032

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Serum copper, zinc, and most serum iron concentrations fell within published suggested adequate ranges of 0.60-1.30 mg/L for copper, 0.50-1.00 mg/L for zinc, and 1.52-2.77 mg/L for iron, 27 whereas some serum iron values exceeded this range. Although 3 out of 15 (20%) coastal and southern California deer and 12 out of 40 (30%) Sierra Nevada and Sierra foothills deer had liver copper values categorized as "deficient" when using the ranges suggested by studies on red deer (<4 mg/kg wet weight = deficient, 4-6 mg/kg = marginal, and >6 mg/kg = adequate), 35 the ranges observed were comparable to reports of mule deer in Colorado, 30,36 Montana, 23 and South Dakota. 37 A total of 8 deer could be categorized as deficient for both selenium and copper based on liver concentrations; 6 from the Sierra Nevada, and 2 from southern California.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Liver zinc, manganese, and most liver iron concentrations fell within published suggested reference ranges (30-110 mg/kg wet weight for zinc, 3.00-3.40 mg/kg for manganese, and 120-300 mg/kg for iron). 27 The concentrations were similar to the ranges detected in mule deer in South Dakota, Montana, or Colorado, 23,36,37 although especially in the Sierra Nevada areas, some iron values exceeded the suggested reference range and the median values were higher than what was detected in other studies. 28,29 No prior information is available on hair trace mineral concentrations in California deer, but the body hair selenium concentrations were comparable to a Washington study that measured body hair selenium in 10 mule deer (mean = 0.150 mg/kg, range = 0.01-0.314 mg/kg).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

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Comparison of trace mineral concentrations in tail hair, body hair, blood, and liver of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in California

et al. 2015

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Measuring trace mineral concentrations can be an important component of assessing the health of free-ranging deer. Trace mineral concentrations in liver most accurately reflect the trace mineral status of an individual, but, in live animals, whole blood or serum are the most commonly used sample types. Trace minerals measured in serum, such as copper, zinc, and iron, do not always accurately correlate to liver concentrations, and supplementary samples for evaluating the trace mineral status in live deer would be useful. We evaluated the utility of body and tail hair for measuring selenium, copper, zinc, iron, and manganese in free-ranging mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) by using Spearman rank correlations and linear regression. Correlations were strongest at the time of or shortly after growth of the winter coat and in resident deer. In live deer, strong correlations and moderate linear associations (R (2) = 0.57) were detected between body and tail hair and whole blood selenium in December. In postmortem-sampled deer, a strong correlation and linear association (R (2) = 0.80) were found between liver and body hair selenium in August-November. Results indicate that body hair, if collected during or shortly after growth of the winter coat, can be used as a supplementary sample for measuring selenium concentrations in deer. None of the other correlations and linear associations were found to be sufficiently strong to conclude that hair can reliably be utilized as a complementary sample for measuring these trace mineral concentrations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Comparison of trace mineral concentrations in tail hair, body hair, blood, and liver of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in California

et al. 2015

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“…Liver molybdenum concentrations in our sample averaged 1.9 ppm (s 50.54, n5292), falling between mean values reported for adult mule deer from the Piceance Basin in northwestern Colorado (1.3 ppm, s50.7, n512; Stelter, 1980) and the southern Black Hills (3.4 ppm converted dry weight, SE50.1; Zimmerman et al, 2008). Liver manganese concentrations averaged 8.5 ppm (s 52.4, n5356) among the deer we sampled, compared to 9.4 ppm (s52.5, n529) among Montana mule deer (Munshower and Neuman, 1979) and 12.4 ppm (converted dry weight; SE50.4) among Black Hills mule deer (Zimmerman et al, 2008). ''Normal'' tissue concentrations of copper and other trace mineral concentrations seem to vary widely within and among mule deer populations over both small and large geographic scales.…”

mentioning

confidence: 44%

“…per concentrations among ''normal'' adult female mule deer and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from the southern Black Hills were about three times higher than mean liver copper concentrations among mule deer from Montana (46.3 ppm,s529.1, n529; Munshower and Neuman, 1979) or white-tailed deer from Texas (54 ppm converted dry weight, SE521; King et al, 1984).…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

Select Tissue Mineral Concentrations and Chronic Wasting Disease Status in Mule Deer from North-central Colorado

Wolfe

Conner

Bedwell

et al. 2010

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Trace mineral imbalances have been suggested as having a causative or contributory role in chronic wasting disease (CWD), a prion disease of several North American cervid species. To begin exploring relationships between tissue mineral concentrations and CWD in natural systems, we measured liver tissue concentrations of copper, manganese, and molybdenum in samples from 447 apparently healthy, adult (> or = 2 yr old) mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) culled or vehicle killed from free-ranging populations in north-central Colorado, United States, where CWD occurs naturally; we also measured copper concentrations in brain-stem (medulla oblongata at the obex) tissue from 181 of these deer. Analyses revealed a wide range of concentrations of all three minerals among sampled deer (copper: 5.6-331 ppm in liver, 1.5-31.9 ppm in obex; manganese: 0.1-21.4 ppm in liver; molybdenum: 0.5-4.0 ppm in liver). Bayesian multiple regression analysis revealed a negative association between obex copper (-0.097; 95% credible interval -0.192 to -0.006) and the probability of sampled deer also being infected with CWD, as well as a positive association between liver manganese (0.158; 95% credible interval 0.066 to 0.253) and probability of infection. We could not discern whether the tendencies toward lower brain-stem copper concentrations or higher systemic manganese concentrations in infected deer preceded prion infection or rather were the result of infection and its subsequent effects, although the distribution of trace mineral concentrations in infected deer seemed more suggestive of the latter.

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“…Lichens and mosses, for example, belong to susceptible bio-indicators of environmental pollution by heavy metals [48-51]. Moreover, the Reindeer are trophic specialists preferring this feed [52,53]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shapes of Differential Pulse Voltammograms and Level of Metallothionein at Different Animal Species

Adam

Beklová

Pikula

et al. 2007

Sensors

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Metallothioneins play a key role in maintaining homeostasis of essential metals and in protecting of cells against metal toxicity as well as oxidative damaging. Excepting humans, blood levels of metallothionein have not yet been reported from any animal species. Blood plasma samples of 9 animal species were analysed by the adsorptive transfer stripping technique to obtain species specific voltammograms. Quite distinct records were obtained from the Takin (Budorcas taxicolor), while other interesting records were observed in samples from the European Bison (Bison bonasus bonasus) and the Red-eared Slider (Trachemys scripta elegans). To quantify metallothionein the catalytic peak Cat2 was used, well developed in the Domestic Fowl (Gallus gallus f. domestica) and showing a very low signal in the Red Deer (Cervus elaphus). The highest levels of metallothionein reaching over 20 µM were found in the Domestic Fowl. High levels of MT were also found in the Bearded Dragon (Pogona vitticeps) and the Grey Wolf (Canis lupus lupus). The lowest values of about 1-3 µM were determined in the Red-eared Slider, Takin and Red Deer. Employing a simple electrochemical detection it was possible to examine variation in blood metallothionein in different species of vertebrates.

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Metals in soft tissues of mule deer and antelope

Cited by 26 publications

References 12 publications

Comparison of trace mineral concentrations in tail hair, body hair, blood, and liver of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in California

Comparison of trace mineral concentrations in tail hair, body hair, blood, and liver of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in California

Select Tissue Mineral Concentrations and Chronic Wasting Disease Status in Mule Deer from North-central Colorado

Shapes of Differential Pulse Voltammograms and Level of Metallothionein at Different Animal Species

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