Metals and Women's Health

Vahter, Marie; Berglund, Marika; Åkesson, Agneta; Lidén, Carola

doi:10.1006/enrs.2002.4338

Cited by 282 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…For example, the West Virginia Geologic and Economic Survey tracks 59 impurities present in West Virginia coal, including carcinogens such as arsenic and cadmium (WVGES, 2007). Arsenic in drinking water is a causal factor for lung cancer (Ferrechio et al, 2000) and skin cancer (Landrigan, 1982;Vahter et al, 2002;Jarup, 2003). Cadmium exposure is linked to many cancer types including lung, breast, and pancreatic cancer (Huff et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Integrity of Streams Related to Human Cancer Mortality Rates

Hitt

Hendryx

2010

EcoHealth

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Assessments of ecological integrity have become commonplace for biological conservation, but their role for public health analysis remains largely unexplored. We tested the prediction that the ecological integrity of streams would provide an indicator of human cancer mortality rates in West Virginia, USA. We characterized ecological integrity using an index of benthic macroinvertebrate community structure (West Virginia Stream Condition Index, SCI) and quantified human cancer mortality rates using county-level data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Regression and spatial analyses revealed significant associations between ecological integrity and public health. SCI was negatively related to age-adjusted total cancer mortality per 100,000 people. Respiratory, digestive, urinary, and breast cancer rates increased with ecological disintegrity, but genital and oral cancer rates did not. Smoking, poverty, and urbanization were significantly related to total cancer mortality, but did not explain the observed relationships between ecological integrity and cancer. Coal mining was significantly associated with ecological disintegrity and higher cancer mortality.Spatial analyses also revealed cancer clusters that corresponded to areas of high coal mining intensity. Our results demonstrated significant relationships between ecological integrity and human cancer mortality in West Virginia, and suggested important effects of coal mining on ecological communities and public health.Assessments of ecological integrity therefore may contribute not only to monitoring goals for aquatic life, but also may provide valuable insights for human health and safety.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Integrity of Streams Related to Human Cancer Mortality Rates

Hitt

Hendryx

2010

EcoHealth

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“…A common mechanism of uptake has been suggested for Fe and Cd, because the duodenal divalent metal transporter DMT1, which is responsible for Fe transport, possesses an affinity for Cd. Vahter et al (2002) concluded that depleted Fe stores and Fe deficiency lead to a greater Cd uptake and toxicity. Such an Fe-Cd interaction has been described by Satarug et al (2004): non-smoking women with low Fe stores had a three-fold greater Cd burden compared to non-deficient women.…”

Section: Factors Related To CD Levels In Breast Milk In Austriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking, cereal consumption, and supplementation affect cadmium content in breast milk

Gundacker

Pietschnig²,

Wittmann³

et al. 2006

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Breast milk might be a source of potentially toxic metals such as cadmium (Cd). The purpose of the present study is to provide data pertaining to the influence of maternal lifestyles on Cd concentrations in breast milk in the Austrian setting. Breast milk was obtained from 124 Austrian women. Each participant provided 10 ml of milk. A second group of eight mothers were recruited to investigate changes in their milk cadmium levels at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 weeks post partum. The study participants filled a questionnaire concerning nutrition, supplementation, and smoking habits. The samples were analyzed using GF-Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The mean Cd content in breast milk was among the lowest in Europe (0.08670.085 mg/l, 95% CI: 0.07-0.10; n ¼ 124). Increased Cd levels in breast milk were found to be significantly associated with frequent cereal consumption and smoking. Smokers had a two-fold higher concentration than did non-smokers (0.15 versus 0.07 mg/l; P ¼ 0.000). In contrast, low Cd levels in breast milk were associated with the intake of supplements containing trace elements or vitamins and trace elements (Po0.05). This protective effect of supplements on Cd levels was only observed in non-smokers. The Cd levels registered in the present investigation were far below critical levels. We conclude that the current maternal Cd levels in Austria signify no risk for the breastfed infant of a healthy mother. Further research will have to focus on the specific effects of supplementation and smoking on Cd concentrations.

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“…En nuestro estudio las mujeres presentaron niveles medios de cadmio en orina más elevados que los hombres, 0,62 µg/g creatinina en mujeres y 0,45 µg/g creatinina en hombres, aspecto que se repite en la literatura científica 6,8,11,29 . Una posible explicación a los elevados niveles de cadmio en las mujeres es que su absorción aumenta a medida que los niveles de hierro disminuyen 27 . El aumento de los niveles de CdU con la edad, independientemente del sexo, observado en este estudio fue también previamente descrito 11 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Sin embargo, la única ocupación que mostraba incremento del HgU era la de técnico en ciencias, por lo que resulta más verosímil que la exposición haya sido de tipo ambiental, por vía alimentaria. Otras fuentes de exposición de metales como el agua de consumo no son relevantes dado que los niveles de dichos metales en el agua de consumo se encuentran muy por debajo de los niveles establecidos por la legislación española y europea (Informe de Salud Pública 2006) y el consumo de agua procedente de manantiales o pozos propios es anecdótico en toda la Comunidad Autóno-ma del País Vasco 31 En síntesis, los niveles de plomo en sangre y los niveles de cadmio, cromo y mercurio en orina de este estudio son similares o inferiores a los mostrados en estudios realizados anteriormente 5,18,19,27 , encontrándose dentro de los límites admisibles y no sugiriendo niveles de contaminación elevados. No hay mayor grado de exposición a metales en las zonas definidas como expuestas, respecto a las zonas control.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Metales pesados (Pb, Cd, Cr y Hg) en población general adulta próxima a una planta de tratamiento de residuos urbanos de Bizkaia

Oleagoitia¹,

Agirre²,

Maurolagoitia

et al. 2008

Rev. Esp. Salud Publica

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RESUMENFundamento: Entre las posibles emisiones de una planta de valorización energética de residuos sólidos urbanos (PVERSU) se encuentran los metales pesados. el objetivo del estudio es conocer los niveles en sangre y orina de metales pesados en población general de Bizkaia.Métodos: En 2006 se midió la exposición a Pb en 95 muestras de sangre y Cd, Cr y Hg en 93 muestras de orina de adultos de la población general de Bizkaia, País Vasco, obtenidas de dos áreas con alta densidad de tráfico del área metropolitana de Bilbao en la cercanía de una PVERSU que iniciaba su actividad, una tercera correspondiente a una zona urbana de Bilbao con tráfico denso y alejada del área de influencia de las posibles emisiones de la PVERSU y la cuarta alejada de la planta y con baja densidad de tráfico. De cada área se estableció como objetivo elegir a un mínimo 20 participantes, la mitad de cada sexo y, a su vez, la mitad de 20 a 44 años y la mitad de 45 a 69. Se utilizó la prueba de la χ 2 para estudiar la asociación entre variables categóricas. Como prueba de comparación de medias se utilizó la t de Student y la ANOVA para variables con dos o más categorías, respectivamente. Para ajustar factores de confusión se utilizó un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple.Resultados: Las concentraciones medias fueron PbS: 2,68 µg/100ml, CdU 0,54 µg/g creatinina, CrU: 0,51 µg/g creatinina, y HgU: 0,65 µg/g creatinina.Conclusión: No se observaron diferencias entre las zonas. El análisis unifactorial y multifactorial mostró que los niveles de PbS se incrementaban con la edad y estaban asociados con el consumo de productos locales de huerta y con el trabajo en la metalurgia. La edad eleva los niveles de CdU y se observa en clases sociales altas niveles más elevados, así como en mujeres y en personas fumadoras. Los niveles de CrU eran más elevados en zonas alejadas a la PVERSU y en las clases altas. Los niveles de HgU fueron más elevados en mujeres que en hombres.Palabras clave: Metales pesados. Plomo. Cadmio. Cromo. Mercurio. Vigilancia de la población. Incineración. Background: The possible emissions from a municipal urban solid waste treatment plant (MUSWTP) include heavy metals. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the levels of heavy metals in the blood and urine of the general population of Biscay. ABSTRACTMethods: The level of Pb was measured in 95 blood samples (BPb) and Cd, Cr and Hg in 93 urine samples (UCd, UCr, UHg) taken from adults in the general population of Biscay, Basque Country, in 2006. The samples were obtained in two areas with high traffic density in the metropolitan area of Bilbao close to an MUSWTP which had just commenced operation, a third area in downtown Bilbao with heavy traffic and at a distance from the area of influence of possible emissions from the MUSWTP, and a fourth area at a distance from the plant and with low traffic density. The objective was to select a minimum of 20 participants from each area, with an equal number of male and female subjects, and with half the subjects aged between 20 and 44 years...

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Metals and Women's Health

Cited by 282 publications

References 105 publications

Ecological Integrity of Streams Related to Human Cancer Mortality Rates

Ecological Integrity of Streams Related to Human Cancer Mortality Rates

Smoking, cereal consumption, and supplementation affect cadmium content in breast milk

Metales pesados (Pb, Cd, Cr y Hg) en población general adulta próxima a una planta de tratamiento de residuos urbanos de Bizkaia

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