Metals and Breast Cancer

Byrne, Celia; Divekar, Shailaja D.; Storchan, Geoffrey B.; Parodi, Daniela A.; Martin, Mary Beth

doi:10.1007/s10911-013-9273-9

Cited by 170 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…In the general population, the primary sources of cadmium are cigarette smoke, food, water, and ambient air (Jarup 2003). Cadmium is easily absorbed by crops and vegetables, such as rice, wheat, and potatoes, and can reach high concentrations in shellfish, offal, and certain seeds (Akesson et al 2014), and, to a lesser degree, drinking water (Byrne et al 2013). It was suggested that approximately 75 % of the total dietary cadmium intake is from vegetable foods with the highest contribution from cereals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exposures to cadmium and cadmium compounds occur primarily in workplaces-mining, smelting, processing, product formulations, and battery manufacturing-whereas non-occupational exposures come from various foods and tobacco smoking. With respect to the general population, cigarette smoke is also an important source of human chronic exposure to cadmium, which is effectively absorbed in the lungs, and about 2 to 4 μg cadmium is absorbed from one pack of cigarettes per day (Byrne et al 2013). Except for smokers, relevant chronic exposure occurs due to dietary intake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cadmium exposure and the risk of breast cancer in Chaoshan population of southeast China

Lin

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Recently, there is increasing evidence indicating a link between cadmium exposure and human breast cancer. This study was aimed to explore the relationship between blood cadmium burden and the risk of breast cancer in Chaoshan women with no occupational exposure. Blood cadmium levels (BCLs) were determined in whole blood of 186 breast cancer cases and 139 controls. Basic clinical data and information of age, occupation, blood types, family cancer history, and disease history, as well as other demographic characteristics were collected from medical records. BCLs were detected by graphite-furnace atomizer absorption spectrophotometer (GFAAS). BCLs and proportions of BCLs over 3 μg/L between cases and controls were compared. The relationships between BCLs and breast cancer were explored by comparing BCL differences between/among different characteristics of investigated factors. In addition, BCLs within cases were also compared in relation to the disease clinical stages, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages, and estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and Cerb-B2 expressions. The breast cancer patients had a higher median concentration of blood cadmium (2.28, interquartile range 1.57-3.15 μg/L) than the controls (1.77, 1.34-2.57 μg/L; P = 0.001). The proportion of BCLs over 3 μg/L was 2.35 times higher in the breast cancer cases than that of the controls after adjusting for age. Cadmium tends to accumulate in the human body with age and body mass index (BMI) but not associates with type of job, family history, disease history, and other investigated characters. With the increase of clinical stages and T and M stages, the BCLs in the breast cancer cases also increased. BCLs were positively associated with Cerb-B2 expression (r = 0.152, P = 0.038) but not significantly associated with ER and PR expressions. The data obtained show that cadmium concentration is significantly higher in blood of breast cancer patients in comparison to healthy controls. Cadmium seems to be a risk factor of breast cancer, and high cadmium exposure was observed in advanced stages of this disease, which indicates that it may promote the development of breast cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium exposure and the risk of breast cancer in Chaoshan population of southeast China

Lin

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Industrial contamination, mostly the byproduct of smelters, is the primary source of cadmium in environment. With respect to the general population, except for smokers, relevant chronic exposure occurs due to dietary intake, for cadmium, is easily absorbed by crops and vegetables, such as rice, wheat, and potatoes and can reach high concentrations in shellfish, offal, and certain seeds (Åkesson et al 2014) and, to a lesser degree, drinking water (Byrne et al 2013). It has been estimated that in a pollution-free environment, daily intake of cadmium in food is about 8 to 25 μg/day (Gallagher et al 2010;Satarug et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been estimated that in a pollution-free environment, daily intake of cadmium in food is about 8 to 25 μg/day (Gallagher et al 2010;Satarug et al 2010). Cigarette smoke is also an important source of human chronic exposure to cadmium, which is effectively absorbed in the lungs, and about 2 to 4 μg cadmium is absorbed from one pack of cigarettes per day (Byrne et al 2013). With long biological half-life, about 10-30 years (IARC 1976), whole blood concentration of cadmium is a valid marker of recent and long-term exposure (Åkesson et al 2014;Jarup et al 1998), providing a means for assessing total body burden of cadmium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood cadmium burden and the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a case–control study in Chinese Chaoshan population

Lin

Wang

Huo

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Cadmium is a ubiquitous carcinogenic pollutant with multiple biological effects. Both observational and experimental studies have suggested associations between cadmium and the rates of many types of cancers. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether cadmium exposure is associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in a population with a relatively high prevalence in southeast China. Hospital-based 134 NPC cases and 132 cancer-free controls were recruited from a cancer hospital in Chaoshan area, southeast of China. Basic clinical data and information of lifetime styles, smoking, and drinking as well as other demographic characteristics were also collected from medical records. Blood cadmium levels (BCLs) were detected by graphite-furnace atomizer absorption spectrophotometer (GFAAS). BCLs and over-limit ratios between cases and controls were compared. The relationships between BCLs and NPC were explored by comparing BCLs differences between/among different characteristics of related factors and logistic regression analysis. In addition, BCLs within cases were also compared in relation to the disease clinical stages, pathological types, and metastasis. The median concentration of blood cadmium in cases (3.84, interquartile range 2.21-6.10) was significantly higher than that of controls (2.28, interquartile range 1.79-3.45). The over-limit ratio (≥5 μg/L) in cases was also higher than that in controls (35.1 vs. 13.6%, χ(2) = 16.55, p < 0.001). Smokers tended to have high levels of cadmium burden, and smokers with longer smoking pack-years in cases had relatively higher BCLs (p = 0.001). NPC patients with diseases history presented lower cadmium burden (p = 0.020). In the NPC cases, BCLs were positively associated with clinical stages and N classification (r = 0.193, 0.187, respectively, p < 0.05). Cadmium seems to be a risk factor of NPC, and high cadmium exposure may promote the occurrence and development of NPC.

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“…They include metals such as cadmium, calcium, cobalt, copper, nickel, chromium, lead, mercury and tin [196]. Divalent metals and metal anions activate ER-α through the formation of a complex within the hormone-binding domain of the receptor [197].…”

Section: Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Environmental Contaminants on Breast Cancer / Wpływ Zanieczyszczenia Środowiska Na Raka Piersi

Kráľová

Jampílek

2015

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women. It is believed that among the causes of breast cancer, hereditary factors account for only 5-10% of risk and the environmental exposures to environmental contaminants account for an additional 30-50% of risk. This paper summarizes findings related to the risk of breast cancer due to exposure to following environmental contaminants: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins, organochlorine pesticides, organophosphorous pesticides, bisphenol A, phthalates, parabens, organic solvents, atmospheric pollutants, alkylphenols, metals, ionizing radiation, electromagnetic field and light pollution. Results obtained in in vitro experiments with breast cancer cell lines and in vivo with model rodents as well as in population based case-control studies are presented and the mode of action of individual environmental contaminants on mammary gland is discussed. Attention is also devoted to the effects of the timing of exposure to environmental contaminants (mainly exposition during development of the mammary gland) on breast cancer risk. Outcomes of professional exposure to some environmental contaminants on breast cancer risk are analysed as well.

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Metals and Breast Cancer

Cited by 170 publications

References 94 publications

Cadmium exposure and the risk of breast cancer in Chaoshan population of southeast China

Cadmium exposure and the risk of breast cancer in Chaoshan population of southeast China

Blood cadmium burden and the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a case–control study in Chinese Chaoshan population

Impact of Environmental Contaminants on Breast Cancer / Wpływ Zanieczyszczenia Środowiska Na Raka Piersi

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