Metallurgy in Southeast Asia

Pryce, Thomas Oliver

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7747-7_10178

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The Nyaung'gan bronzes may well appear relatively sophisticated (pending a technical study) and not demonstrate 'experimental' aspects but this is indeed the case for copper-base founding technologies at the radiometrically-dated early Thai Bronze Age sites of Ban Chiang, Ban Non Wat, Non Nok Tha and Non Pa Wai (Pryce, 2014a, Pryce, 2015. This is to be expected when a region's Bronze Age is thought to have been stimulated by its metal-using neighbours (probably southern China), as is also evidenced by the presence of 'exotic' imports to central Thailand apparently catalysing an experimental mode of copper smelting at Non Pa Wai.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dating the Myanmar Bronze Age: Preliminary 14c Dates From the Oakaie 1 Cemetery Near Nyaung’gan

Pryce

Kyaw²,

Andia

et al. 2015

JIPA

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dating the Myanmar Bronze Age: Preliminary 14c Dates From the Oakaie 1 Cemetery Near Nyaung’gan

Pryce

Kyaw²,

Andia

et al. 2015

JIPA

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“…More than half of the studies regarding Pb exposure were conducted in Asian countries. Lead toxicity is a public health concern in Asian countries (such as China and India) mainly due to the historical and current industrial pollution ( 64 , 65 ), with children living near lead-contaminated industrial parks, public parks, kindergarten playgrounds, and commercial areas being at higher risk of exposure ( 65 ). Other sources of exposure are leaded paint, herbal products used in traditional medicines, jewelry, and native or traditional foods ( 65 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to heavy metals and red blood cell parameters in children: A systematic review of observational studies

et al. 2022

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BackgroundMechanistic studies show that heavy metals interfere with the hematopoietic system by inhibiting key enzymes, which could lead to anemia. However, the link between children's exposure and red blood cell (RBC) parameters has been inconsistent. We aimed to summarize evidence on human studies exploring the association between exposure to lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, and chromium VI and RBC parameters in children.MethodsFollowing the PRISMA guidelines, we searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for studies published between January 2010 and April 2022. Eligible papers included human observational studies that directly assessed exposure (internal dose) to the heavy metals under study and RBC parameters in participants aged ≤ 18 years. We excluded studies using hospital-based samples. Study quality was assessed using the National Institutes of Health's Quality Assessment Tools for Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. We synthesized the evidence using vote counting based on the direction of the relationship.ResultsOut of 6,652 retrieved papers, we included a total of 38 (33 assessing lead, four mercury, two cadmium, and two arsenic; chromium VI was not assessed in any included paper). More than half of the studies were conducted in Asia. We found evidence of a positive relationship between lead concentration and hemoglobin (proportion of studies reporting negative relationships = 0.750; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.583, 0.874) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (0.875; 95% CI 0.546, 0.986), and a positive relationship with red cell distribution width (0.000; 95%CI 0.000, 0.379). When considering only good-quality studies (24% of the Pb studies), only the relationship with hemoglobin levels remained (0.875; 95% CI: 0.546, 0.986).ConclusionWe found evidence of a negative relationship between lead concentration and hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin and of a positive relationship with red cell distribution width in children. We also identified a need to conduct more studies in European countries. Future studies should use standardized practices and make efforts to increase study quality, namely by conducting comprehensive longitudinal studies. Our findings support the need to take further actions to limit heavy metal exposure during childhood.

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“…As 21 of the 25 samples are leaded bronzes, it follows that their lead isotope signatures cannot be linked to their original copper production systems, which are identified through the trace lead content of the copper ore (Pollard 2009;Pernicka 2014). Leaded bronzes' lead isotope signatures can, however, be compared to each other, and could potentially reveal the original lead production systems, were such sites to be identified within South-East Asia (Pryce 2012(Pryce , 2014Hirao and Ro 2013). The lead isotope data indicate that most of the leaded copper alloy artefacts share a similar signature, with three plotting slightly down the same axis, and one (SEALIP/ID/ PKP/2, the leaded high-tin bronze mirror) plotting as a highly radiogenic sample (Fig.…”

Section: Isotopic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper‐base Metallurgy in Metal‐Age Bali: Evidence from Gilimanuk, Manikliyu, Pacung, Pangkung Paruk and Sembiran

et al. 2018

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The Indonesian Archipelago extends over 5000 km of latitude, from 95°E to 141°E, and hosts some of the world's largest active metal mines. While some fascinating ethnographic and historical sources exist, virtually nothing is known of the country's prehistoric metallurgical traditions. Given Indonesia's scale, this situation cannot be remedied in short order, but with this paper we seek to elucidate some metal production and consumption behaviours on Bali, located around 115°E, during the last centuries of the first millennium bc and the early to middle first millennium ad. The studied early Metal Age assemblage of 27 copper‐base artefacts from the sites of Pacung, Sembiran, Bangkah, Pangkung Paruk, Gilimanuk and Manikliyu includes bangle, bowl, drum, hook, mirror and ornamental typologies, and fragments thereof. Fourteen of the 27 samples were suffering from corrosion, but a strong tendency towards leaded copper alloys (21 of 27) can be distinguished, with some bronzes, a high‐tin bronze and a leaded high‐tin bronze. The high proportion of leaded artefacts mean that lead isotope data cannot be used to identify possible sources of copper, but there is good consistency with Mainland South‐East Asian Iron Age leaded alloy signatures for the bulk of the assemblage, possibly indicating the existence of long‐range (~2000–3000 km one way) exchange systems at the outset of the Island South‐East Asian Metal Age, and perhaps as far as China and India in the case of the mirror and bowl, respectively. Of particular note, the Manikliyu ‘Pejeng’ drum, a stylistically idiosyncratic type known from Bali and Java, and for which there is local production evidence, transpired to be consistent in terms of elemental composition and lead signature with Mainland ‘Dong Son’ drums. This could suggest that Pejeng drums were produced not just from metal imported from the Mainland but with melted down Mainland drums; an intriguing case of local reinterpretation of foreign elite material culture and iconography.

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Metallurgy in Southeast Asia

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Dating the Myanmar Bronze Age: Preliminary 14c Dates From the Oakaie 1 Cemetery Near Nyaung’gan

Dating the Myanmar Bronze Age: Preliminary 14c Dates From the Oakaie 1 Cemetery Near Nyaung’gan

Exposure to heavy metals and red blood cell parameters in children: A systematic review of observational studies

Copper‐base Metallurgy in Metal‐Age Bali: Evidence from Gilimanuk, Manikliyu, Pacung, Pangkung Paruk and Sembiran

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