Metalloprotease (ADAM12-S) as a Predictor of Preeclampsia: Correlation with Severity, Maternal Complications, Fetal Outcome, and Doppler Parameters

Abstract

ADAM12-S is significantly decreased in severe and mild preeclampsia and is correlated with CPR, severity of preeclampsia, maternal complications, and fetal outcome. It is recommended to measure ADAM12-S in the first trimester to predict maternal complications and fetal outcome in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia.

Predictive value of biochemical marker ADAM-12 at first trimester of pregnancy for hypertension and intrauterine growth restriction

“…No statistical significance in ADAM-12 serum levels was revealed among women with SGA neonates and the control group. The present results seem to be in accordance to the conclusions presented by other research groups, such as Laigard et al, el-Sharbiny et al [4][5][6][7]. In particular, Laigaard et al reported significantly lower concentrations of ADAM-12 in the first trimester in a population of 160 women with PE compared to 324 healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancies [4].…”

“…Biochemical marker ADAM-12 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) is associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), PE, and chromosomal abnormalities [4][5][6]. ADAM-12 is produced by the placenta and is a part of the ADAM proteins' group, which consists of more than 15 members.…”

Maternal Low Volume Circulation Relates to Normotensive and Preeclamptic Fetal Growth Restriction

“…With advancing gestation of FGR, the intrauterine environment becomes more and more hypoxic, to which the fetus responds by redirecting the blood supply, preferably to vital organs like the heart and the brain, at the expense of subdiaphragmatic organ perfusion ( 15 ). Fetal brain sparing can be documented by Doppler flow measurements at the level of umbilical and cerebral arteries with the calculation of relative impedance ratios ( 108 – 110 ). Associations have been reported between abnormal uterine-fetal Doppler measurements and maternal hemodynamic dysfunction ( 8 ) and between fetal cerebral Doppler changes and adverse outcomes ( 111 ).…”

Proteolytic factors in exosomes

“…ADAM10 has been shown to act as the ␣-secretase in vivo, preventing amyloid plaque formation and hippocampal defects in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease [47]. A soluble form of ADAM12 is reported as a predictor of preeclampsia [48], and single nucleotide polymorphisms in ADAM33 are associated with asthma susceptibility and psoriasis [49,50]. Furthermore, many ADAMs, including ADAM8, ADAM9, ADAM10, ADAM12, ADAM15, ADAM17, ADAM19, and ADAM28, have been reported to be expressed in human malignant tumors.…”