Metalloid and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Suppress Sudden Death Syndrome of Soybean

Abstract

Soybeans (Glycine max) (V3 stage) were sprayed once with nanoparticles (NPs) of AgO, B, CeO, CuO, MnO, MoO3, SiO, TiO, or ZnO and exposed to Fusarium virguliforme, the cause of sudden death syndrome. Up to 80% root rot was observed in greenhouse experiments. However, NP CuO, B, MoO3, or ZnO reduced the root rot severity by 17–25%. Infected roots and shoots had significant changes in B, Mg, P, S, Si, and Zn, but NP treatment restored levels to that of the healthy control. For example, the increased root Mg and Mn contents induced by disease were reversed by NP B and Mn amendments. In vitro assays found that the NPs did not inhibit the pathogen. This, along with the restoration of altered nutrient levels in the plant tissue, suggests that modulated plant nutrition increased disease defense. Treatment of seedlings with nanoscale micronutrients may be a new tool in promoting soybean health.

Preparation, characterization, and morphology insight of ZnO nanodisk–TiO2‐coated SWCNT thin film composites for catalytic sensor application

“…Notably, the specific nanostructures of the interface in the abovementioned metal oxide could limit the interfacial charge‐transfer process of photo‐generated charge carriers 20–23 . A feasible fabrication to make TiO 2 –ZnO nanohybrid structures using a site‐specific deposition of titanium oxide on ZnO nanorods (NRs) has been studied recently 24–26 . Zhang et al and Prabakaran et al 27,28 reported different types of nanocomposites comprising TiO 2 /ZnO, PEO/PVDF‐HFP/MMT, multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)/Nafions, and easoin as a sensitizer for improved dye sensitized solar cell applications.…”

“…[20][21][22][23] A feasible fabrication to make TiO 2 -ZnO nanohybrid structures using a site-specific deposition of titanium oxide on ZnO nanorods (NRs) has been studied recently. [24][25][26] Zhang et al and Prabakaran et al 27,28 reported different types of nanocomposites comprising TiO 2 /ZnO, PEO/PVDF-HFP/MMT, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)/ Nafions, and easoin as a sensitizer for improved dye sensitized solar cell applications. Other studies used ZnO/TiO 2 nanocomposite-based photocells sensitized with organic molecules coumarin 343 and rose bengal for solar cell applications.…”

Combining host plant defence with targeted nutrition: key to durable control of hemiparasitic Striga in cereals in sub‐Saharan Africa?

“…Nutrients enhance similar defence response pathways in different plant species against a wide array of attacking pathogens. For example, the application of nutrients significantly enhances plant immunity against root and foliar bacterial and fungal pathogens (Ma et al ., 2019; Eskandari et al ., 2020; Peréz et al ., 2020). Other studies in plant pathology have shown that nutrients play important roles in hypersensitive responses and the formation of mechanical barriers against bacterial and fungal infections (Reuveni & Reuveni, 1998; Imada et al ., 2016; Yang et al ., 2018).…”

Soybean sudden death syndrome: Fungal pathogenesis and plant response

“…The efficacy of the essential micronutrients B, CuO, Mn 2 O 3 , MoO 3 , and ZnO and the nonessential metals Ag, CeO 2 , SiO 2 , and TiO 2 in suppressing SDS symptoms was recently evaluated (Peréz et al, 2020). Soybean seedlings were sprayed once with nanoparticles containing micronutrients or metals and immediately transplanted to F. virguliforme-infested soil.…”

“…virguliforme ‐infested soil. Foliar applications of 500 mg/L CuO, ZnO, or Mn 2 O 3 or of 1 g/L CuO or ZnO significantly decreased root rot symptoms by 17%–25% or 10%–11%, respectively (Peréz et al ., 2020). This increased disease resistance was possibly associated with a restoration of micronutrient levels to levels in healthy control plants and a strengthening of plant defences (Peréz et al ., 2020).…”