Metallized tip amplification of near-field Raman scattering

Hayazawa, Norihiko; Inouye, Yasushi; Sekkat, Zouheir; Kawata, Satoshi

doi:10.1016/s0030-4018(00)00894-4

Cited by 636 publications

(468 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

465

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A 40-fold enhancement of Raman scattering was observed with 488 nm excitation; an enhancement of fluorescence was also seen. 3 The authors observed bleaching behavior for rhodamine 6G, but they did not mention whether or not the bleaching rate was tip enhanced. Instead, they pretreated this system by 20 min illumination until a stationary state had been reached.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) of malachite green isothiocyanate at Au(111): bleaching behavior under the influence of high electromagnetic fields

Pettinger

Ren

Picardi

et al. 2005

J Raman Spectroscopy

142

152

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) was investigated with malachite green isothiocyanate adsorbed at an Au(111) surface. TERS is based on the excitation of localized surface plasmons in the tip apex, producing strongly enhanced electromagnetic fields. The key conditions for giant TERS are sideillumination of the tip, well-prepared single-crystalline surfaces and sharp, smooth gold tips. A TERS enhancement of about 6 × 10 6 has been observed for dye molecules adsorbed at the Au(111) substrate in a region of about 50 nm diameter beneath the tip. This corresponds to a 2500-fold increase in the light intensity at the Au(111)/air interface, which in addition causes fast but local bleaching of the dye. This bleaching behavior was analyzed in detail, giving direct insight into the strength and size of the enhanced field. In addition, the bleaching constant was higher for MGITC in an unperturbed environment than for MGITC in an environment that had been substantially bleached. The MGITC spectra were also different for these two cases. Copyright  2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.KEYWORDS: apertureless scanning near-field optical microscopy; gold(111); tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; malachite green isothiocyanate; near-field enhancement INTRODUCTIONThe general use of Raman spectroscopy for surface studies is an old dream of surface scientists. However, with differential Raman cross-sections of the order of d /d ³ 10 31 -10 28 cm 2 sr 1 , surface studies were out of reach in general, although a (small) number of attempts were made to apply (normal) Raman scattering for the investigation of well-defined surfaces.Ł Correspondence to: Bruno Pettinger, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. E-mail: pettinger@fhi-berlin.mpg. Recently, a new approach has been developed, denoted tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS), in some cases also called 'apertureless scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM)'. 1 With the advent of TERS, the above-mentioned dream is now becoming a reality. 1 -12 TERS is a particular promising variant of SERS, the well-studied field of surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy. The latter requires roughened surfaces at which two cooperative enhancement mechanisms for Raman scattering are working. Roughened surfaces can support the excitation of localized surface plasmons leading to the so-called 'electromagnetic enhancement' and provide the peculiar adsorption sites at which the so-called 'chemical enhancement' is operative. In the literature, a large range of (total) enhancement factors are given, starting with the 10 6 -fold enhancement found for pyridine on roughened silver electrodes 13 up to the giant 10 12 -10 14 -fold enhancement reported more recently by Nie and Emory 14 and Kneipp et al. 15 for dyes at colloidal particles. In the latter case, the authors claim to have reached single-molecule detection sensitivity. However, in all these cases the general drawback of SERS investigations remains: the surface enhancement (in particular its ...

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An enhancement factor of >10 000 was estimated. 2 Also in 2000, Hayazawa et al 3 subsequently reported the next study on apertureless SNOM using a silver-coated cantilever and a dye-coated silver film on a glass slide. The dye was rhodamine 6G.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) of malachite green isothiocyanate at Au(111): bleaching behavior under the influence of high electromagnetic fields

Pettinger

Ren

Picardi

et al. 2005

J Raman Spectroscopy

142

152

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some of the functions of surface plasmon polaritons utilized in plasmonic techniques are field enhancement, photon nanoconfinement and spectral tunability. As an application of plasmonics in nanoimaging, metallic probes have been utilized to localize photons 14 , which, when combined with Raman scattering 15,16 , fluorescence 17 and infrared absorption 18 spectroscopies, can provide images of the distribution of molecules at a spatial resolution typically of the order of 10B20 nm. Recently, reproducibility in imaging has been greatly improved by optimizing the fabrication methods of probe tips 19,20 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tip-enhanced nano-Raman analytical imaging of locally induced strain distribution in carbon nanotubes

et al. 2013

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tip-enhanced Raman scattering microscopy is a powerful technique for analysing nanomaterials at high spatial resolution far beyond the diffraction limit of light. However, imaging of intrinsic properties of materials such as individual molecules or local structures has not yet been achieved even with a tip-enhanced Raman scattering microscope. Here we demonstrate colour-coded tip-enhanced Raman scattering imaging of strain distribution along the length of a carbon nanotube. The strain is induced by dragging the nanotube with an atomic force microscope tip. A silver-coated nanotip is employed to enhance and detect Raman scattering from specific locations of the nanotube directly under the tip apex, representing deformation of its molecular alignment because of the existence of local strain. Our technique remarkably provides an insight into localized variations of structural properties in nanomaterials, which could prove useful for a variety of applications of carbon nanotubes and other nanomaterials as functional devices and materials.

show abstract

“…[8][9][10][11][12] Here, a noble metal SPM tip is irradiated by focused laser light, leading to the excitation of localized surface plasmons resonances (LSPRs) and the introduction of the lightning rod effect, as schematically shown in Fig. 1(a) (we name this as "direct excitation").…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote excitation-tip-enhanced Raman scattering microscopy using silver nanowire

Fujita¹,

Walke²,

Feyter³

et al. 2016

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) microscopy is a promising technique for use in surface analysis, allowing both topographic and spectroscopic information to be obtained simultaneously at a scale below 10 nm. One proposed method to further improve spatial resolution is the use of propagating surface plasmons as an excitation light source (i.e., remote excitation). However, this requires a specialized tip that can only be fabricated via expensive procedures, such as electron-beam lithography. Here, we propose a new method for fabricating silver nanowire-based tips that are suitable for remote excitation-TERS, removing the need for such techniques. A silver nanowire was fixed onto a tungsten-tip using a micromanipulator, before gold nanoparticles were attached in a site-specific manner using AC-dielectrophoresis. All the processes were completed using an optical microscope in the ambient. The background intensities in TERS spectra were suppressed with remote excitation relative to the conventional excitation configuration, indicating an increase in TERS sensitivity.

show abstract

Metallized tip amplification of near-field Raman scattering

Cited by 636 publications

References 14 publications

Tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) of malachite green isothiocyanate at Au(111): bleaching behavior under the influence of high electromagnetic fields

Tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) of malachite green isothiocyanate at Au(111): bleaching behavior under the influence of high electromagnetic fields

Tip-enhanced nano-Raman analytical imaging of locally induced strain distribution in carbon nanotubes

Remote excitation-tip-enhanced Raman scattering microscopy using silver nanowire

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About