Metallization of poly(vinylidene fluoride) by reduction of polymer‐incorporated metal ions

Kuribayashi

Uda

2004

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ABSTRACT:The surface of the blend films of poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEG-E) and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BPA-E) cured with 5-(2,5-dioxotetrahydrofuryl)-3-methyl-3-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid anhydride at 200°C for 5 h was metallized by the reduction of polymerincorporated cobalt acetate with aqueous sodium borohydride at 20 -50°C. Although the cured films of PEG-E/ BPA-E, weight ratio 100/0 -80/20, were successfully metallized, the blend ratio 60/40 did not afford a metallized film by this reduction method. The glass transition temperature (T g ) of the cured resin measured by dynamic viscoelastic analysis rose with an increase of BPA-E content. The difficulty of surface metallization in the case of blend ratio 60/40 is related to the hindrance of migration of cobalt ion due to the restriction of molecular chain motion. Electron probe microanalysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement revealed that the cobalt ion that was homogeneously distributed in the inner part of the film before reduction migrated to both sides of the film and then was reduced to pure metal by the reduction treatment. The X-ray diffraction analysis of the reduced films revealed that the generated cobalt was almost amorphous.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallization of crosslinked epoxy resins derived from diglycidyl ethers of poly(ethylene glycol) and bisphenol a by reduction of polymer‐incorporated cobalt ion

Kuribayashi

Uda

2004

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“…These techniques sometimes require preliminary surface treatment, such as mechanical roughing, chemical modification, etching, sensitizing, or activation. As a more convenient metallization technique, a novel method of reduction of polymer‐incorporated metal ions3–12 or polymer–metal chelates13–14 with an aqueous solution of NaBH 4 was developed by a few groups. This method was known to be applicable to the surface metallization of highly polar linear polymers such as polyacrylonitrile, poly(vinylidene fluoride), poly(vinyl alcohol), polyamide, polyamide‐imide, and polyurethane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallization of crosslinked acrylate resin by reduction of polymer‐incorporated metal ion

Abe

Uda

2004

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ABSTRACT:Crosslinked acrylate resin were prepared by the radical polymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (ADE400) with 2,2Ј-azobisisobutyronitrile in the presence of cobalt (II) chloride at 100°C for 48 h. Metallization behavior of the CoCl 2 -containing acrylate resin by reduction with aqueous sodium tetrahydroborate solution at 25°C was investigated by means of infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electron probe microanalysis. As a result, the surface of the crosslinked acrylate resin was successfully metallized by the reduction, and the cobalt layer generated at the side of a polypropylene plate used in the preparation of film was thicker and smoother than the air side. Most of the chlorine ion in the film passed in the reduction solution. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 3864 -3868, 2004

Metallization of UV‐cured acrylate resins by reduction of polymer‐incorporated cobalt ion

Kuribayashi

Narita

2005

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ABSTRACT:The surface of UV-cured films of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGAc)/tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate (THFAc) (weight ratio 100/0, 90/10, and 80/20) was metallized by the reduction of polymer-incorporated cobalt chloride with aqueous sodium borohydride at 20°C. The electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement revealed that the cobalt ion, which was homogeneously distributed in the inner part of the film before reduction, migrated to both sides of the film, and then reduced to pure metal by the reduction treatment. The surface resistance of the UV-cured PEGAc/THFAc film increased with increasing THFAc content. Especially, the trend was prominent at the glass side of the metallized films.The glass transition temperature of the cured resin measured by dynamic viscoelastic analysis slightly rose with an increase of THFAc content. The EPMA map of cobalt and carbon in the depth direction of the metallized film showed that the cobalt layer, generated at the glass side of the film with a higher THFAc content, contains more polymer component, in agreement with the order of surface resistance. The X-ray diffraction analysis of the reduced films revealed that the degree of crystallinity of the generated cobalt was low.