Metallic Nanoparticles Exhibit Paradoxical Effects on Oxidative Stress and Pro-Inflammatory Response in Endothelial Cells in Vitro

Abstract

Particulate matter is associated with different human diseases affecting organs such as the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Very small particles (nanoparticles) have been shown to be rapidly internalized into the body. Since the sites of internalization and the location of the detected particles are often far apart, a distribution via the blood stream must have occurred. Thus, endothelial cells, which line the inner surface of blood vessels, must have had direct contact with the particles. In this study we tested the effects of metallic nanoparticles (Co and Ni) on oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory response in human endothelial cells in vitro. Exposure to both nanoparticle types led to a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect. However, the effects on oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory response differed dramatically. Due to the nanoparticle-induced effects, a comparison between metallic nanoparticle- and metal ion-treatment with the corresponding ions was made. Again, divergent effects of nanoparticles compared with the ions were observed, thus indicating differences in the signaling pathways induced by these compounds. These paradoxical responses to different metallic nanoparticles and ions demonstrate the complexity of nanoparticle-induced effects and suggest the need to design new strategies for nanoparticle toxicology.

The activities of endothelial elastase and cathepsin G in rats at oxidative stress caused by heavy metals salts

“…Significant reduction of both the studied parameters in serum at the influencing factors may be due to the rapid penetration of heavy metals ions in tissues [35]. Since the sites of penetration and location of metal particles are often distant from each other the distribution of them through a blood must take place.…”

Surface Modification of Bare-Metal Stents for Preventing Restenosis (Part 2)

“…Результаты свидетельствует об ингибирующем эффекте грубой шероховатой топографии по-верхности на активность и силу межклеточных контактов HUVEC. Считается, что сформиро-ванные межклеточные контакты могут служить индикатором биосовместимости имплантата [57,58], в то время как формирование клеточных кла-стеров является функциональным показателем межклеточных и молекулярных взаимодействий [55]. Поэтому грубая шероховатая поверхность имплантатов будет иметь более низкую биосо-вместимость по сравнению с гладкой.…”

Animal and non-animal experiments in nanotechnology – the results of a critical literature survey

“…In vitro toxicity testing of metallic nanoparticles (Co and Ni; Peters et al, 2007), titanium dioxide (TiO(2), either alone or in combination with UVA, Reeves et al, 2008), ZnCl(2) and FeCl(3) alone or in interaction with nanoparticle carbon black representing particulate air pollution was performed measuring oxidative stress, inflammatory mediators, cytotoxicity and DNA damage. The studies yielded diverging and inconsistent results.…”

“…The studies yielded diverging and inconsistent results. This suggests that nanoparticle-induced effects are highly complex and might indicate the need to design new strategies for nanoparticle toxicology (Peters et al, 2007).…”

“…Cell culture systems used in the in vitro nanoparticle toxicity studies included human endothelial cells (Peters et al, 2007), goldfish skin cells (GFSk-S1) in a neutral red retention (NRR) assay and a modified Comet assay (Reeves et al, 2008) and J774 cells . Using laser scanning microscopy in a triple cell co-culture model of the human airway wall, Gehr et al (2006) investigated the cellular interaction of nanoparticles with epithelial cells, macrophages and dendritic cells and the resulting cellular responses.…”