Metallic Inert Anodes for Aluminium Electrolysis

Galasiu, I.; Galasiu, R.; Nicolescu, Constantin

doi:10.1002/9780470947777.ch9

Cited by 42 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In principle methane oxidation will eliminate replacement of anodes and the socalled anode effect which leads to the formation of PFC gases (CF 4 and C 2 F 6 ) that are strong greenhouse gases.The main challenge related to the use of methane in this process is the formation of water vapour which may lead to the presence of HF gas. Consumption of carbon anodes according to reaction (1), the yield of methane consumption in reaction (2) and possible cracking of methane are other important issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Natural gas anodes for aluminium electrolysis in molten fluorides

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Industrial primary production of aluminium has been developed and improved over more than 100 years. The molten salt electrolysis process is still suffering from low energy efficiency and considerable emissions of greenhouse gases (CO2 and PFC). A new concept has been suggested where methane is supplied through the anode so that the CO2 emissions may be reduced significantly, the PFC emissions may be eleiminated and the energy consumption may decrease significantly. Porous carbon anodes made from different graphite grades were studied in controlled laboratory experiments. The anode potential, the anode carbon consumption and the level of HF gas above the electrolyte were measured during electrolysis. In some cases it was found that the methane oxidation was effectively participating in the anode process.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considerable research has been carried out to develop an inert oxygen evolving anode to replace the consumable carbon anode 2 . So far no inert anode material has been developed for industrial operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural gas anodes for aluminium electrolysis in molten fluorides

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…20,21 It is difficult to find a stable conductive but passivating layer on anode materials for the conditions described in Table II. In addition, the reactivity of aluminum means that most other elements present in the molten electrolyte will be reduced preferentially, implying contamination of the metal product at the cathode.…”

Section: Example Of Inert Anode For Aluminummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, some promising developments have been reported using metal, ceramic, or composite anodes, close to commercial demonstration in the early 2000s with publicized efforts from companies such as Alcoa or Moltech, a company founded by Vittorio De Nora. 21 energy consumption for a process following Eq. 4 being 9260 kWh/t (compared to 6338 kWh/t for Eq.…”

Section: Example Of Inert Anode For Aluminummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 with carbon), inert anodes are anticipated to enable a net reduction in energy consumption and operating costs for aluminum production (see Ref. 21 for the underlying engineering arguments). This is not entirely surprising for electrochemical engineers who may recall that the "decarbonization" of chlorine production by electrolysis (deployment of dimensionally stable anodes instead of graphite for Chlor/Alkali electrolysis) also led to drastic cost and energy savings.…”

Section: Example Of Inert Anode For Aluminummentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Electrochemical Engineering for Commodity Metals Extraction

Allanore

2017

Electrochem. Soc. Interface

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The planet consumes commodity metals such as iron, aluminum, and copper at an unprecedented rate, as the basis for infrastructure, transportation, power generation, or consumer electronics. A review of the existing paradigm in the primary production of those metals is proposed, in particular with respect to energy consumption, productivity, and environmental impacts. Using an analogy with the electrochemical production of liquid aluminum, a discussion of the electrochemical engineering challenges faced to transform iron and copper primary extraction is then proposed. High temperature, high productivity electrochemical technologies are put forth as a possible path for cost-competitive production of those metals.

show abstract