“…SM-based e-Portfolios benefited students in developing their skills. Past studies reported students’ skill development in areas as follows: - language (Gordon, 2017 ; McGregor, 2020 ) and language learning skills (Gordon, 2017 );
- writing abilities (Aydin, 2014 ; Barrot, 2021 ; Gabaudan, 2016 ; Kabilan & Khan, 2010 ; Rubrico, 2012 ; van Wyk, 2017 ; Wicks & Lumpe, 2015 );
- reading skills (Aydin, 2014 ; Barrot, 2016 ; Kabilan & Khan, 2010 );
- speaking skills (Huang & Hung, 2010 ; McGregor, 2020 );
- critical thinking skill (Blaschke, 2014 ; Cleveland, 2018 ; Kabilan, 2016 ; Kabilan & Khan, 2010 ; van Wyk, 2017 );
- technological skills (Gabaudan, 2016 ; Kabilan & Khan, 2010 ; Tur & Marín, 2015 ; Tur & Urbina, 2014 );
- research skills (Aydin, 2014 );
- designing skills and knowledge of different cultures (Gordon, 2017 );
- teaching skills and organization skills (Kabilan, 2016 );
- scientific literacy (Wijayanti & Basyar, 2016 ); and
- vocabulary (McGregor, 2020 ).
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