Metales pesados en tejido muscular del bagre Ariopsis felis en el sur del golfo de México (2001-2004)

Abstract

RESUMEN.Se analizó el contenido de metales pesados en tejido muscular del bagre, Ariopsis felis en el sur del golfo de México durante el período [2001][2002][2003][2004]. La investigación fue efectuada buscando establecer un marco de referencia ambiental para este organismo. La concentración metálica siguió el orden: Hg < Co < Pb < Ni < V < Cr. Fue observado un decremento en contenido de cobalto y vanadio, incremento en contenido de níquel, mercurio y cromo, y ausencia de estos comportamientos para contenido de plomo. Análisis de varianza de una sola vía confirman variación temporal significativa sólo en cobalto, mercurio, plomo y vanadio. Se determinaron coeficientes de correlación lineal significativos (p ≤ 0,05) para Co-V, Cr-Ni, Cr-Pb, Co-Hg, Ni-V y V-Pb. Las tres primeras asociaciones mostraron correlación positiva y las restantes correlación negativa. El análisis factorial reveló agrupamiento de los metales estudiados en función de su origen. Niveles de metales inferiores a los establecidos en normas nacionales e internacionales fueron encontrados en tejido muscular de A. felis del sur del golfo de México. Palabras clave: Ariopsis felis, bagre, metales, normas ambientales, sonda de Campeche, golfo de México. Heavy metals in muscular tissue of the catfish, Ariopsis felis, in the southern Gulf of Mexico (2001-2004)ABSTRACT. We analyzed the heavy metal content in the muscular tissue of the catfish, Ariopsis felis, in the southern Gulf of Mexico between 2001 and 2004. The research was done in order to establish an environmental frame of reference for this organism. The metal concentration was as follows: Hg < Co < Pb < Ni < V < Cr. Cobalt and vanadium contents were found to decrease and those of nickel, mercury, and chromium to increase; however, neither of these trends was observed for the lead content. One-way analyses of variance confirm significant temporal variation only for cobalt, mercury, lead, and vanadium. Significant linear correlation coefficients (p ≤ 0.05) were found for Co-V, Cr-Ni, Cr-Pb, Co-Hg, Ni-V, and V-Pb. The first three associations showed positive correlations, whereas the remaining ones had negative correlations. A factor analysis grouped the studied metals depending on their origins. The metal levels found in the muscular tissue of A. felis from the southern Gulf of Mexico were lower than those set by national and international regulations.

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“…Recent studies indicate that the concentrations of heavy metals in sediment south of the Gulf of Mexico are in the range reported for other coastal regions of the Gulf of Arabia, Jordan, Kuwait and England (Ponce-Velez et al 2006). Also, reports of heavy metal concentrations in muscle tissue of organisms such as fish and crustaceans are below thresholds of international standards (Vázquez et al 2008). …”