Metal removal by bed filter materials used in domestic wastewater treatment

Renman, Agnieszka; Renman, Gunno; Gustafsson, Jon Petter; Hylander, Lars D.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.11.127

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Due to its nonspecific removal mechanism, PAC is able to eliminate other kinds of micropollutants not analysed here, such as dissolved heavy metals (Cr, Fe, Zn or Pb), which is not the case for ozone even with a sand filter Renman et al, 2009). …”

Section: General Improvement Of Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 92%

Treatment of micropollutants in municipal wastewater: Ozone or powdered activated carbon?

Margot

Kienle

Magnet³

et al. 2013

Science of The Total Environment

674

404

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Highlights• Micropollutants are efficiently removed by both ozone and powdered activated carbon• Specific substances were removed more efficiently by ozone• Powdered activated carbon effectively removed a wider range of pollutants• Both treatments significantly reduced the toxicity of WWTP effluent AbstractMany organic micropollutants present in wastewater, such as pharmaceuticals and pesticides, are poorly removed in conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). To reduce the release of these substances into the aquatic environment, advanced wastewater treatments are necessary. In this context, two large-scale pilot advanced treatments were tested in parallel over more than one year at the municipal WWTP of Lausanne, Switzerland. The treatments were: i) oxidation by ozone followed by sand filtration (SF) and ii) powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption followed by either ultrafiltration (UF) or sand filtration. More than 70 potentially problematic substances (pharmaceuticals, pesticides, endocrine disruptors, drugs metabolites and other common chemicals) were regularly measured at different stages of treatment. Additionally, several ecotoxicological tests such as the yeast estrogen screen, a combined algae bioassay and a fish early life stage test were performed to evaluate effluent toxicity. Both treatments significantly improved the effluent quality. Micropollutants were removed on average over 80% compared with raw wastewater, with an average ozone dose of 5.7 mg O 3 l -1 or a PAC dose between 10 and 20 mg l -1 . Depending on the chemical properties of the substances (presence of electron-rich moieties, charge and hydrophobicity), either ozone or PAC performed better. Both advanced treatments led to a clear reduction in toxicity of the effluents, with PAC-UF performing slightly better overall. As both treatments had, on average, relatively similar efficiency, further criteria relevant to their implementation were considered, including local constraints (e.g., safety, sludge disposal, disinfection), operational feasibility and cost. For sensitive receiving waters (drinking water resources or recreational waters), the PAC-UF treatment, despite its current higher cost, was considered to be the most suitable option, enabling good removal of most micropollutants and macropollutants without forming problematic by-products, the strongest decrease in toxicity and a total disinfection of the effluent.

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Section: General Improvement Of Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 92%

Treatment of micropollutants in municipal wastewater: Ozone or powdered activated carbon?

Margot

Kienle

Magnet³

et al. 2013

Science of The Total Environment

674

404

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“…l Waste slurries and iron hydroxide from fertilizer industries [144] l Waste slurries from seafood-processing industries [145] l Greensand, iron slag, and blast furnace slag from iron and steel industries [146,147] l Activated red mud from aluminum industry [148] l Petroleum coke from oil sands industry [149] l Black liquor from paper industries [150,151] l Bagasse fly ash from sugar industry [152] Some other noncategorized industrial wastes that have been used are activated carbon from scrap tires [153,154] and activated silicon from scrap nonmetallic printed circuit boards [155].…”

Section: Waste Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Toxic Materials from Aqueous Streams

Zouboulis

Peleka

Samaras

2015

Mineral Scales and Deposits

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“…Opoka is mainly comprised of SiO 2 and CaCO and heating converts some CaCO 3 to reactive CaO (Renman and Renman, 2010). Renman et al (2009) reported that Polonite is primarily comprised of the following compounds: SiO 2 (45%); CaO (45%); Al 2 O 3 (4%); Fe 2 O 3 (2%); and, K 2 O (1%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immobilization of lead by phosphate amended Polonite

2016

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Polonite is an alkaline material that is used to remove nutrients from domestic wastewater and it has been evaluated as a fertilizer. Stabilization of Pb by Polonite and Polonite amended with orthophosphate, PO4, (Polonite-P) was studied. Octacalcium phosphate (Ca8H2(PO4)6·5H2O) was a primary species of PO4 formed on the surface of Polonite-P. Lead was found to be associated with pozzolanic reaction products in Pb treated Polonite and Pb treated Polonite-P samples. Formation of Pb oxides, as precipitates or surface complexes, were substantial constituents of Pb treated Polonite. Dissolution of Ca8H2(PO4)6·5H2O followed by formation of Pb4O(PO4)2 was a probable mechanism of Pb removal by Polonite-P. Polonite-P could be a suitable replacement for current PO4 sources as a Pb stabilization agent. Finally, LDI-TOF was an effective technique for evaluating forms of Pb on Polonite and Polonite-P.

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Metal removal by bed filter materials used in domestic wastewater treatment

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

Treatment of micropollutants in municipal wastewater: Ozone or powdered activated carbon?

Treatment of micropollutants in municipal wastewater: Ozone or powdered activated carbon?

Removal of Toxic Materials from Aqueous Streams

Immobilization of lead by phosphate amended Polonite

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