Metal pollution status of the river Chennab, Pakistan through fish, water and sediment analysis

Tariq, Jaleel; Ashraf, Muhammad; Jaffar, M.

doi:10.1080/02772249309357889

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The mean value of 1.63 and 2.25 for Onchorynchus mykiss and Aristicthys nobilis in wet weight as reported by Naeem et al (2010Naeem et al ( , 2011. While, Tariq et al (1993) reported 2.973 µg/g in wild Catla catla as close in present study. Study reported the presence of higher concentration of lead in present study than proposed by various international organization as 0.1 µg/g by EU (2001); 0.5 µg/g by FAO (1989) and 2.0 µg/g by Jones and Franklin (2000) and SASO (1997).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Mean sodium concentration of Sodium 204.14 in wet body weight while 962.81 in dry body weight. Study by Tariq et al (1993) reported 829 and 537 µg/g Catla catla by Tariq et al (1993) and Salam et al (1998); 770.48 µg/g in Aristichthys nobilis by Naeem et al (2011) which is far from our study. A very close concentration of 339.42 µg/g in Oncorhynchus mykiss by Naeem et al (2010).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

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Elemental composition of carnivorous fish Wallago attu (Siluridae, Siluriformes) from River Chenab, Pakistan

Riaz

Naeem

2024

Braz. J. Biol.

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Over the decades, riverine ecosystems is suffering from intense human intervention resulting in degradation and habitat loss as a consequence, many fish species become endangered, particularly in rivers where heavy demand is placed on freshwater. Wallago attu is fast growing catfish belongs to the family siluridae has good market demand having high protein content and nutritional value in it’s flesh. The data was obtained for metal concentration in wet and dry body weight in wild Wallago attu. All metal was found under permissible limit as recommended by different international organizations. Calcium was found highest, while cadmium in lowest concentration. Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni, Mn, K, Na, Ca and Mg showed highly significant (P<0.001) positive correlation with wet body weight except Co and Cd showed non-significant (P>0.05) correlation. Metals such as Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, K, Ca, Mg and Co shown negative allometric pattern with increasing body weight concentration of Cu, Fe, Zn, Ni, Pb, Mn, Na, Ca and K showed positive relationship (P<0.001) with total length (cm), except for Co and Cd, which indicated non significant correlation (P>0.05). Present Study will helpful to assess toxicity due to presence of heavy metals for researchers and different organizations from River Chenab, Punjab, Pakistan.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Elemental composition of carnivorous fish Wallago attu (Siluridae, Siluriformes) from River Chenab, Pakistan

Riaz

Naeem

2024

Braz. J. Biol.

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“…Agarwal [13] reported accumulation of Hg and Pb contents in muscles of wild fish species from the River Gomti, India. Rauf [14], Javed [15], Tariq et al [16], Nawaz et al [17], and Tariq [18] reported effects of trace metals on commercial fish species from various parts of Pakistan. However, no systematic study has been conducted on spatial and temporal variations of heavy metal contents in different edible fish species from Pakistan and in particular to our study area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals in Eight Edible Fish Species from Two Polluted Tributaries (Aik and Palkhu) of the River Chenab, Pakistan

Qadir

Malik

2011

Biol Trace Elem Res

115

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Concentration of heavy metals (lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and copper (Cu)) was determined in the liver, gills, kidneys, and muscles of eight edible fish species (Channa punctata, Cirrhinus reba, Labeo rohita, Heteropneustes fossilis, Mystus cavasius, Oreochromis niloticus, Puntius sophore, and Wallago attu) from upstream and downstream zones of the Nullah Aik and Palkhu tributaries of the River Chenab located in the Sialkot district known for its tanning industries worldwide. The pattern of metal accumulation in studied organs was in the order: Cr > Pb > Cu > Cd. Liver showed greater metal accumulation, followed by gills, kidneys, and muscles. Accumulation of Pb and Cr was significantly different in organs between upstream and downstream zones. Accumulation was greater in fish species dwelling downstream, indicating impairment of ambient stream water due to untreated discharge of industrial and municipal effluents into studied streams. Highest concentration of Pb and Cr and lowest of Cd was detected in H. fossilis whereas Cu showed higher concentration and Cr lowest concentration in P. sophore. In contrast, lower concentration of Pb and Cu was recorded in M. cavasius, O. niloticus, and W. attu. Mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, and Cu were higher in pre-monsoon compared to post-monsoon season. Measured concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Cr in muscles of species such as C. punctata, W. attu, L. rohita, P. sophore, and O. niloticus were above permissible limits of heavy metals for human consumption, indicating potential health risks. Therefore, these fish species from studied locations should be avoided for human diet.

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“…Cadmium blocks sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and competes for sites with zinc and calcium to a lesser extent and lead may replace calcium in structures and react with sulfhydryl groups (Allen, 1994). The origins of high metal concentrations were traced in municipal sewage, uncontrolled industrial effluents and other anthropogenic activities (Tariq et al 1993).…”

Section: Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Some Chemical Pollutants in Drinking and Surface Water in Upper Egypt تقييم بعض الملوثات الکيميائية في مياه الشرب والمياه السطحية بصعيد مصر

2001

Assiut University Bulletin for Environmental Researches

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This study was carried out to evaluate some chemical pollutants in drinking and surface water in Upper Egypt. Eighty water samples were collected randomly from Aswan, Qena, Assiut and Beni Suef cities and from River Nile water in Aswan, Assiut, Beni Suef regions in addition to samples from Bahr Yousef canal (10 samples each) during January-June 2000. Samples were analyzed for nitrites, inorganic and total phosphorus, copper, iron, fluorine, manganese, lead and cadmium. Nitrites, inorganic and total phosphorus were estimated spectrophotometrically. Fluorine was estimated by selective ion electrode. Copper, iron, manganese, lead and cadmium were estimated by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The obtained results revealed that 20% of the analyzed samples from the River Nile water in Beni Suef region and Bahr Yousef canal were above the U.S. drinking water standards (1 mg/l) and WHO guide (3 mg/l) for nitrites. These values were accepted for livestock according to the 33 mg/l recommended limit of US EPA (1973) and National Academy of Science (1974). Nitrite averages were 1.46±0.95 and 1.18±2.27 ppm in both River Nile water in Beni Suef region and Bahr Yousef canal, respectively. Inorganic and total phosphorus values can't be evaluted because of the lake of the recommended limits. Copper, iron and fluorine concentrations never exceeded the U.S. and WHO maximum contaminant level (MCL) in all analyzed water samples. Manganese values were above WHO MCL (0.5 mg/l) in 30% of samples from Qena city only. More than 40% of the different water samples were above the U.S. EPA guide (0.05 mg/l). There is no available limit for manganese in livestock drinking water. Lead mean values were more than the U.S. action level (0.015 mg/l) and WHO guide (0.01 mg/l) for lead in all the analyzed samples. Most water sources were accepted for livestock as the MCL is 0.1 mg/l according to U.S. EPA (1973) and National Academy of Science (NAS, 1974). Cadmium mean levels were above the U.S. and WHO MCL (0.005 and 0.003 mg/l) in Assiut and Beni Suef cities and water samples from River Nile and Bahr Yousef canal but most samples were accepted according to U.S. EPA (1975) guide (0.01 mg/l). All sources were within the cadmium recommended guide for livestock (0.05 mg/l). Public health importance of these pollutants was discussed. maximum contaminant level recommended by the Public Health Service Drinking Water Standard (Thomas & Robert, 1973). In study of 727 surface water samples in United States, it was found that 54% contained less than 0.001 mg cadmium /l, 42% contained cadmium in the range of 0.001 to 0.001 mg/l in about 4% the cadmium concentration exceeded 0.01 mg/l. The maximum cadmium concentration found was 0.13 mg/l (Durum et al., 1971). In conclusion, restricted measures must be applied to prevent more addition of pollutants especially lead and cadmium to all water sources in Upper Egypt. The River Nile and its tributaries, which considered the main source of water for Egypt must be also protected from effluents and sewage. All ...

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Metal pollution status of the river Chennab, Pakistan through fish, water and sediment analysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Elemental composition of carnivorous fish Wallago attu (Siluridae, Siluriformes) from River Chenab, Pakistan

Elemental composition of carnivorous fish Wallago attu (Siluridae, Siluriformes) from River Chenab, Pakistan

Heavy Metals in Eight Edible Fish Species from Two Polluted Tributaries (Aik and Palkhu) of the River Chenab, Pakistan

Estimation of Some Chemical Pollutants in Drinking and Surface Water in Upper Egypt تقييم بعض الملوثات الکيميائية في مياه الشرب والمياه السطحية بصعيد مصر

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